生态自由与中国式现代化发展——从阿马蒂亚·森的自由发展观谈起

Ecological Freedom and Chinese Development to Modernization——Start with Amartya Sen's View of Free Development

阿马蒂亚·森把自由和人的可行能力结合,从自由的角度评价发展,超越了把国民生产总值等经济指标的增长作为发展目的的片面发展观,但仍然缺失自然生态的维度。中国式现代化发展,既要满足人民美好生活的多重需要,实现每个人的自由全面发展,又要大力推进生态文明建设,确保人与自然可持续发展。中国式现代化发展内蕴生态自由的向度,既包括对自然及其规律、人与自然一体关系的把握和遵循,也包括基于自然和顺应自然去改造自然界和人类自身,实现人与自然和谐的生态自由。中国式现代化发展既不是人类中心主义,也不是自然中心主义,而是人与自然共生发展和自由发展。

Amartya Sen combines freedom with human's feasible ability and evaluates development from the perspective of freedom,which goes beyond the one-sided development view that regards the growth of economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product as the development goal,but still lacks the dimension of natural ecology.The Chinese development to modernization should not only meet the multiple needs of the people for a better life and realize the free and comprehensive development of everyone,but also vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization to ensure the sustainable development of man and nature.The Chinese development to modernization contains the dimension of ecological freedom,which not only includes the grasp and observance of nature and its laws,and the integrated relationship between man and nature,but also includes the transformation of nature and human beings based on nature and conforming to nature,so as to realize the ecological freedom of harmony between man and nature.The Chinese development to modernization is neither anthropocentrism nor naturalism,but the symbiotic and free development of man and nature.