迟发性性腺功能减退症患者伴慢性耳鸣的发生率及影响因素研究

Research on the incidence and impacting factors of complicated chronic tinnitus in patients with late-onset hypogonadism

目的 探讨迟发性性腺功能减退症(LOH)患者伴慢性耳鸣的发生率及影响因素。方法 选取牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院2020年10月至2022年3月就诊的LOH患者79例,分析不同年龄组之间一般情况、激素指标、影响因素的差异性。结果 79例LOH患者,根据年龄分为35~44岁(n=4)、45~54岁(n=12)、55~64岁(n=46)、65~74岁(n=17),四组患者TT和SHBG比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);进一步两两比较,35~44岁组患者TT表达量最高,SHBG表达量最低(P <0.05)。40.51%(32/79)伴有慢性耳鸣;54.43%(43/79)有不同程度的听力下降。43例听力下降患者中,轻度听力下降34例,中度听力下降8例,重度听力下降1例,无极重度听力下降。对LOH患者伴慢性耳鸣影响因素进行单因素分析显示,LOH伴慢性耳鸣患者SHBG表达、吸烟所占比例、听力下降所占比例高于无耳鸣患者,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素分析显示,听力下降是LOH患者伴慢性耳鸣的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 LOH患者伴慢性耳鸣的发生率较LOH患者或耳鸣患者偏高,听力下降是耳鸣发生的独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the incidence and impacting factors of complicated chronic tinnitus in patients with late-onset hypogonadism(LOH).Methods A total of 79 patients with LOH admitted to Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University from October 2020 to March 2022 were selected,and the differences in general conditions,hormone indices and impacting factors in different age groups were analyzed.Results 79 Patients with LOH were divided into the group of 35-44 years old(n=4),the group of 45-54 years old(n=12),the group of 55-64 years old(n=46)and the group of 65-74 years old(n=17)according to their ages.The differences in total testosterone(TT)and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)of the four groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further pairwise comparison showed that TT expression was the highest and SHBG expression was the lowest in patients of the group of 35-44 years old(P<0.05).40.51%(32/79)of the patients were complicated with chronic tinnitus,and 54.43%(43/79)of them were complicated with hearing loss with different degrees.In 43 patients with hearing loss,there were 34 cases of mild hearing loss,8 cases of moderate hearing loss,1 case of severe hearing loss and no profound hearing loss.Univariate analysis of the impacting factors of LOH patients complicated with chronic tinnitus showed that the SHBG expression,the proportion of smoking and the proportion of hearing loss in LOH patients with chronic tinnitus were higher than those in LOH patients without tinnitus,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that hearing loss was an independent risk factor for LOH patients complicated with chronic tinnitus(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of complicated chronic tinnitus in LOH patients is higher than that in LOH patients or tinnitus patients,and hearing loss is the most correlated risk factor for tinnitus.