陕西省儿科医生对集中带量采购政策的KAP调查

A KAP Survey of Shaanxi Pediatricians on the Centralized Drug Procurement Policy

目的评估儿科医生对集中带量采购政策的了解程度,探讨影响其开出集采仿制药的因素,为促进我国儿童仿制药带量采购政策的实施提供改善建议。方法针对陕西省的儿科医生进行问卷调研,调查问卷包括基本的人口统计学信息和对于带量采购政策及仿制药的知信行(KAP),对收回的数据通过SPSS进行统计学分析。结果共收到160份来自儿科医生的问卷,知识得分平均值为2.76(1.983),34.4%儿科医生知识得分≥4分,不同性别(P<0.05)、年龄、职称、工作年限(P<0.001)的儿科医生在知识得分方面存在显著差异;18.13%儿科医生同意或强烈同意儿童仿制药可以替代原研药,是否愿意为家人开出仿制药(P<0.01,OR=3.441),和是否支持儿童药品领域实施仿制药带量采购政策(P<0.01,OR=2.596)对此有显著的正向影响;13.76%儿科医生经常或频繁地开出仿制药处方,儿科医生的年龄(P<0.05,OR=1.999)、知识得分(P<0.01,OR=1.941)、对家人的态度(P<0.05,OR=1.772)对处方频率有显著的正向影响。结论儿科医生对仿制药及带量采购政策了解不足,态度和实践都低于普通医生群体。仍需加大政策及仿制药专业知识的宣教,尤其是年资较低的医生和患儿家属,积极开展儿童仿制药的真实世界研究,以真实证据促使医生态度转变,推进集采政策实施。

Objective To evaluate pediatricians'understanding of the National Centralized Drug Procurement(NCDP)with quantity policy,and to explore the factors that affect their prescribing of generic drugs pooled from NCDP,and to provide recommendations for improving the implementation of the policy of promoting the children's generic medicines in China.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among pediatricians in Shaanxi Province.The questionnaire included basic demographic information and KAP for NCDP and generic drugs.The collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS.Results A total of 160 questionnaires were received from pediatricians.The average knowledge score was 2.76(1.983).Among them,34.4%of pediatricians had knowledge scores of 4 or more,there were significant differences in knowledge scores between paediatricians of different genders(P<0.05),ages,titles,and years of experience(P<0.001),and 18.13%of pediatricians agreed or strongly agreed that paediatric generic drugs could replace the originator drugs,and whether they were willing to prescribe generic drugs for their family members(P<0.01,OR=3.441),and whether they supported the implementation of the policy of generic drug NCDP in the field of children's drugs(P<0.01,OR=2.596)had a significant positive impact on this.Among them,13.76%of pediatricians often or frequently prescribe generic drugs.The age(P<0.05,OR=1.999),knowledge score(P<0.01,OR=1.941),and attitude toward family(P<0.05,OR=1.772)of pediatricians have significant positive effects on prescription frequency.Conclusion Pediatricians do not know enough about generic drugs and NCDP,and their attitudes and practices are lower than those of general physicians.it is still necessary to increase the publicity and education of policies and generic drug expertise,especially among less senior doctors and children's families and to actively conduct real-world research on children's generics,so as to improve doctors'attitudes and encourage doctors to prescribe appropriate centralized purchasing generic drugs for children in their work and promote the implementation of the NCDP.