法律解释中目的性扩张的基础与界限——以《民法典担保制度解释》第十六条为例

The Basis and Boundary of Purposeful Expansion in Legal Interpretation——Taking Article 16 of Interpretation of the Relevant Guarantee Systemof the Civil Code as an Example

法律漏洞不可避免地存在于法律适用的个案之中,填补法律漏洞成为司法实务中重要的环节。目的性扩张是填补法律漏洞、实现个案实体正义的一种法律续造方法。由于目的性扩张效力的规定较为模糊,且与法安定性特征之间存在紧张关系,导致其适用带来巨大的风险与挑战。以《民法典担保制度解释》第十六条为例,通过司法案例进行正当性探源,促进适用程序的规范化和证成标准的统一化,并设定目的性扩张的适用限度。

The lag of legal norms,the fuzziness of legal language and the ever-changing social life always have some problems to deal with,and the legal loopholes inevitably exist in the process of the application of law.Purposeful expansion,as a method of legal continuance to fill the legal loopholes,is based on the intent of norms,which realizes the legislative purposes implied in the legal norms in the form of judgment,and finally achieves the substantive justice of the case.However,for the vague boundary and effect of pur⁃poseful expansion,and the tension between purposeful expansion and legal stability,it has brought huge risks and challenges to the application of purposeful expansion.Taking the article 16 of Interpretation of the Relevant Guarantee System of the Civil Code as an example,this article explores the justification of purposeful expansion in the field of civil law through two judicial cases.In addition,the application of pur⁃poseful expansion should set a certain limit,which should be guided by the value of normative intention and the case orientation of normative effect.