航空公司干支线联运收益分配问题研究

Research on Revenue Allocation of Airline Trunk and Branch Combined Transport

搭建和完善干支线航空网络是构建现代民航运输体系的必然要求和发展趋势,而理想的航空公司合作收益分配方案是促进航空干支线联运的前提条件。以分别运营干线和支线航班的两家航空公司为研究对象,根据国内支线航空发展现状和市场特点,构建了合作和不合作情况下的收益函数,并以“格尔木-西宁-成都”联运为例进行算例分析。结果表明,通过基于Shapley值法提出的改进收益分配方案,两家航空公司最终收益分配额较合作之前都有所提高。与合作初始收益分配方案相比,改进后的分配方案考虑了边际贡献以外的其他影响收益分配的重要因素,并可通过调整其权重来优化分配结果。采用效率降低的敏感性分析验证了优化后的收益分配模型更加公平合理,为解决航空干支线联运收益分配问题提供了更稳定的方案。

To build and improve the trunk and feeder airline network is a necessary requirement and development trend for the construction of modern civil aviation transportation system,while an ideal airline cooperative revenue allocation scheme is a prerequisite for promoting airline trunk and feeder combined transportation.Based on China’s current development situation and market characteristics of regional airline,the revenue functions under cooperative and non-cooperative situations were constructed for two airlines operating mainline and regional flights respectively.Then the“Golmud-Xining-Chengdu”interline was used as an empirical case for calculation and analysis.The results show that by proposing an improved profit-sharing scheme based on the Shapley value method the final revenue allocation of two airlines has increased compared with that before the cooperation,respectively.Compared with the initial revenue allocation scheme,the improved allocation scheme takes into account of other important factors affecting the revenue allocation in addition to the marginal contribution,and the allocation results can be optimized by adjusting their weights.The sensitivity analysis using efficiency reduction verifies that the optimized revenue allocation model is fairer and more reasonable,providing a more stable solution to the problem of revenue allocation of airline trunk and feeder combined transport.