大熊猫国家公园四川崇州区域的有蹄类物种组成及活动节律研究

Diversity and Activity Rhythms of Ungulates in the Chongzhou Area of Giant Panda National Park

2016—2020年大熊猫国家公园四川崇州区域安放的135台红外相机监测数据结果显示:记录到水鹿Rusa unicolor、扭角羚Budorcas taxicolor、野猪Sus scrofa、中华鬣羚Capricornis milneedwardsii、中华斑羚Naemorhedus griseus、林麝Moschus berezovskii、毛冠鹿Elaphodus cephalophus、岩羊Pseudois nayaur、小麂Muntiacus reevesi共9种,独立探测次数最多的是扭角羚和水鹿,出现位点最多的是扭角羚和毛冠鹿;除小麂外的8种有蹄类动物的日活动节律分析结果表明:除中华鬣羚和林麝外,其余物种均具有明显的昼行性特征。水鹿、毛冠鹿、扭角羚和中华斑羚有2次日活动高峰;野猪和岩羊有1个日活动高峰;扭角羚、中华斑羚和野猪的活动高峰在不同季节有差异,中华鬣羚和林麝的季节日活动节律差异显著。本研究结果为区域内有蹄类动物的保护策略制定和深入开展科学研究提供了基础资料。

In this study,135 infrared cameras were placed in the Chongzhou area of Giant Panda National Park(Sichuan,China)to monitor the activity of ungulates from 2016 to 2020.The results showed that nine ungulates including Rusa unicolor,Budorcas taxicolor,Sus scrofa,Capricornis milneedwardsii,Naemorhedus griseus,Moschus berezovskii,Elaphodus cephalophus,Pseudois nayaur and Muntiacus reevesi were recorded.B.taxicolor and R.unicolor were found to have the most frequencies of independent detections,while B.taxicolor and E.cephalophus and had the most frequencies of occurrences.Daily activity rhythm analysis of eight ungulates(except for M.reevesi)revealed that except for C.milneedwardsii and M.berezovskii,the remaining six species had obvious diurnal characteristics.R.unicolor,E.cephalophus,B.taxicolor and N.griseus had two peaks of daily activity,while Sus scrofa and P.nayaur had one peak.Additionally,the activity peaks of B.taxicolor,N.griseus and S.scrofa were varied in different seasons,and the seasonal daily activity rhythms of C.milneedwardsii and M.berezovskii were varied significantly.This study provides a support for the development of conservation strategy and in-depth scientific research on regional ungulates.