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不同类型叶面肥喷施对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响

Effects of different types of foliar fertilizers on grain yield and 1uality of winter wheat
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摘要 【目的】研究灌浆期喷施不同类型叶面肥对冬小麦籽粒产量及品质的影响,为冬小麦叶面配方施肥及高效生产提供参考依据。【方法】以冬小麦品种新冬20号为供试材料,大田试验条件下,设吨田宝、磷酸二氢钾+尿素、光合菌肥、清水对照(CK,不施叶面肥)共4个处理,测定各处理冬小麦的籽粒产量及其构成因素、籽粒品质等指标。【结果】与CK相比,3种不同类型叶面肥均可显著提高小麦籽粒产量,增产效应大小依次为吨田宝>光合菌肥>磷酸二氢钾+尿素,增幅分别达到7.46%、6.08%、5.15%;叶面肥处理通过增加小麦穗粒重和千粒重提高小麦籽粒产量。3种类型叶面肥中,光合菌肥改善小麦籽粒品质的性能略优于磷酸二氢钾+尿素、吨田宝;与CK比较,3种类型叶面肥均显著提高了小麦粗蛋白质含量和面团稳定时间,光合菌肥还显著提高了小麦湿面筋含量。【结论】灌浆期适当施用叶面肥是冬小麦优质高产的一种有效技术措施,其中,光合菌肥对小麦籽粒产量和品质改善明显,可以应用于小麦生产。 【Objective】This project aims to study the effects of spraying different types of foliar fertilizers on grain yield and quality of winter wheat in the hope of providing references for leaf formula fertilization and high-efficiency production of winter wheat.【Methods】The wheat cultivars Xindong No.20 was used as testing material.Under field conditions,four treatments including Duntianbao,KH_(2)PO_(4)+CO(NH_(2))2,Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB)fertilizer,CK(spraying water)were set during grain filling stage.The grain yield,component factors and grain quality of winter wheat were determined.【Results】Compared with CK,all the three kinds of foliar fertilizers could significantly increase the grain yield of wheat,and the yield-increasing effects of foliar fertilizer on the wheat was Duntianbao>KH_(2)PO_(4)+CO(NH_(2))_(2)>PSB fertilizer,and their growth rates reached by 7.46%,6.08%and 5.15%,respectively.Through the analysis of yield components,it was found that the three foliar fertilizer treatments could increase the grain yield of wheat mainly by increasing the 1,000-grain weight and kernels weight per spike.Among the three foliar fertilizers,the performance of PSB fertilizer in improving the grain quality of wheat was slightly better than those of KH_(2)PO_(4)+CO(NH_(2))_(2)and Duntianbao.Compared with CK,three kinds of foliar fertilizer significantly increased wheat grain protein content and stabilization time,in addition,PSB fertilizer significantly increased wheat grain wet gluten content.【Conclusion】Therefore,proper application of foliar fertilizer in grain filling stage is an effective technical measure for high quality and yield of winter wheat,among which,PSB fertilizer can significantly improve the grain yield and quality of wheat,so it can be used as an environment-friendly fertilizer for wheat production.
作者 杨红梅 张跃强 史应武 吾买尔江·库尔班 林青 王宁 楚敏 曾军 YANG Hongmei;ZHANG Yueqiang;SHI Yingwu;Omarjan Kurban;LIN Qing;WANG Ning;CHU Min;ZENG Jun(Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology/Institute of Applied Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Oasis-Desert Crop Physiology Ecology and Cultivation of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affair/Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technologies,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Upland Cotton Experiment Station of Kuqa County,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kuqa Xinjiang 842000,China)
出处 《新疆农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第9期2182-2188,共7页 Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金 新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室项目(2019D04019) 新疆维吾尔自治区科技成果转化示范专项-科技特派员扶贫行动项目(2020C031) 新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020005)。
关键词 冬小麦 叶面肥 籽粒产量 品质 winter wheat foliage fertilizers grain yield quality
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