烤烟不同育苗方式对烟草苗期抗病抗逆性的影响

Effects of Different Seedling Breeding Methods on Disease andStress Resistance of Flue-cured Tobacco at Seedling Stage

为探究烤烟不同育苗方式对烟苗素质的影响,本研究于2020—2022年在河南省平顶山市和许昌市定点连续监测多个工厂化育苗大棚漂浮育苗、湿润育苗、干湿交替育苗、浅水育苗和无纺布育苗处理对不同生育期烟苗素质的影响,系统分析了不同育苗方式对烟苗农艺性状、抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量和根活力等指标的影响.研究结果表明,在烟苗十字期、伸根期和成苗期,浅水育苗处理相比于漂浮育苗处理显著提高了烟苗的农艺性状、抗氧化酶活性和根活力,无纺布育苗和湿润育苗次之;在烟苗成苗期,浅水育苗处理相比漂浮育苗处理根长、侧根数、成苗率、SOD酶活性和根活力增加了26.85%,18.89%,1.58%,28.52%和23.71%.综合分析工厂化育苗烟苗十字期、生根期和成苗期烟苗各项农艺指标、抗氧化酶活性和根活力发现,浅水育苗和无纺布育苗可显著提升烤烟苗期的农艺性状、抗病抗逆酶活性和根活力,从而提高烤烟苗期素质.

This study aimed to explore the effects of different seedling breeding methods on the quality of tobacco seedlings.From 2020 to 2022,the effects of floating,wet,alternating dry and wet,shallow water and non-woven fabric seedling-nursing treatments on the quality of tobacco seedlings at different growth stages were continuously monitored in seedling-nursing greenhouses at same sites in Pingdingshan City and Xuchang City,Henan Province.The effects of different seedling breeding methods on the agronomic traits,antioxidant enzyme activity,MDA content and root vitality of tobacco seedlings were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the agronomic traits,antioxidant enzyme activity and root activity of tobacco seedlings were significantly improved by shallow water seedling treatment,followed by non-woven fabric and wet seedling-nursing compared with floating treatment at the cross stage,root extension stage and seedling stage.In the seedling stage,the root length,lateral root number,seedling growth rate,SOD enzyme activity and root activity of shallow water seedling-nursing treatment increased by 26.85%,18.89%,1.58%,28.52%and 23.71%compared with floating seedling-nursing treatment.The agronomic indexes,antioxidant enzyme activity and root vitality of tobacco seedlings in cross,rooting and adult stages by industrialized seedling production were comprehensively analyzed.Shallow water and non-woven fabric seedling-nursing significantly improved the agronomic traits,disease resistance and stress enzyme activity and root vitality at the flue-cured tobacco seedling stage,thereby significantly improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco seedlings.