重拾“真理的片段”:新时代“国家与法的理论”反思

Regaining the“fragments of truth”:Reflection on“Theory of State and Law”in the New Era

“国家与法的理论”是中国20世纪50年代至80年代占据统领性的、唯一的法理学图式,之后因被法学界批判为以阶级斗争为范式的法学理论而被彻底摒弃。然而,随着全面依法治国新征程的开启,在新时代背景以及习近平法治思想的指引下,需要重新回溯与反思国家在法学理论中曾经以及当下所处的位置、功能与意义,尝试为新时代中国国家建设提供一套完整、丰富的解释理论。对“国家与法的理论”之时代语境、体系框架、方法论原则等方面作全面分析与阐述,并在厘清与指明其缺陷的基础上揭示与把握“国家与法的理论”某些“真理的片段”,可以得出结论:国家与法之关系作为法理学研究的一个基本范畴,是当代法理学的一个创新因子。

The“Theory of State and Law”was the dominant and only jurisprudential schema in China from the 1950s to the 1980s,and was later completely abandoned because it was criticized by the legal circles as a legal theory based on class struggle.However,with the beginning of the new journey of ruling the country according to the law,under the background of the new era and under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law,it is necessary to retrace and rethink the position,function,and significance of“state”in the theory of jurisprudence in the past and at present,and to try to provide a set of complete and rich explanatory theories for the national construction of China in the new era.This article starts from the historical retrospect and theoretical reflection of the“Theory of State and Law”,and through a comprehensive analysis and elaboration of the context,systematic framework,methodological principles of the theory,and on the basis of clarifying and pointing out its shortcomings,it tries to reveal and grasp certain“fragments of truth”of the“Theory of State and Law”,and believes that the relationship between the state and law can be regarded as a basic category of jurisprudence research and an innovative factor of contemporary jurisprudence.