“终而皆贤于其初者”:《孔子诗论》的论诗原则及其阐释途径

“They All Demonstrated that Etiquette Can Triumph Over Instinct”The Principle of Poetics and Its Approach of Interpretation of Confucius’Poetics

“终而皆贤于其初者”作为《孔子诗论》的论诗原则,包含“初”与“终”两个层面的对比和递进演化,所看重的并不在于挖掘诗文文本本身的意义,而是从一种阐释学立场出发,从《诗》更深层的含义上来理解诗。在完成由“始”到“终”的阐释过程中,并非任凭天马行空的自我想象,随意断解,而是要立足于“礼”这一范畴,将“礼”视为论诗的文化价值指向和根据,通过比喻、比拟等修辞学手法以及相关的固定论诗模式,来探讨《诗》文本背后的精微之旨。在论诗过程中,强调主体性的敞开,从而完成《诗经》由诗本向经本的历史演变。

As the principle of poetics of Confucius’Poetics,“Zhong Er Jie Xian Yu Qi Chu Zhe”,contains a contrast and progressive evolution between the“beginning”and“ending”levels.What it values is not to excavate the meaning of the text itself,but it is a hermeneutical position that allows the poem to be understood in terms of the deeper meanings implied by the poem.In completing the process of interpretation from the“beginning”to the“ending”,the“ending”,i.e.the core value,is not left to self-imagination and arbitrary interpretation,but is based on the category of“ritual”,which is regarded as the cultural value orientation and basis for the interpretation of the poem.It uses rhetorical techniques such as metaphor and analogy,as well as related fixed poetic modes,to explore the subtle meaning behind the text of The Book of Songs.In the process of discussing the poem,emphasis is placed on the openness of subjectivity,thus completing the historical evolution of The Book of Songs from a poetic text to a scriptural text.