间充质干细胞治疗卵巢早衰的研究进展

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of premature ovarian failure

卵巢早衰(POF)是妇科常见的内分泌疾病,可导致不孕,临床症状包括低雌激素、高促性腺激素、缺乏成熟卵泡和闭经。POF的发病率逐年增加,目前认为POF与遗传因素、自身免疫疾病或环境因素有关。激素替代治疗虽可一定程度地缓解临床症状,但不能从根本上恢复卵巢功能和生育能力,还可能带来不良反应。随着再生医学的发展,间充质干细胞(MSCs)治疗卵巢早衰受到了国内外研究者的广泛关注。MSCs具有自我更新及多向分化潜能,可以通过旁分泌等多种途径发挥作用,对卵巢纤维化、血管生成、免疫系统调节和细胞凋亡进行控制,影响激素水平,激活卵泡并促进卵巢功能的恢复,从而改善育龄期女性的生育能力。本文总结MSCs治疗卵巢早衰的相关研究成果及其优缺点,为后续研究提供参考依据,以期该治疗策略在不久的将来适用于临床。

Premature ovarian failure(POF)is a common endocrine disease in gynecology that can lead to infertility,whose clinical symptoms include low estrogen,high gonadotropin,lack of mature follicle and amenorrhea.The incidence of POF is increasing year by year,and it is believed to be related to genetic factors,autoimmune diseases and environmental factors.Although hormone replacement therapy can alleviate clinical symptoms to a certain extent,it cannot fundamentally restore ovarian function and fertility,and may cause adverse reactions.With the development of regenerative medicine,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)treating POF have received wide attention from domestic and foreign researchers.MSCs have self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential,which can play its role through various ways such as paracrine,and control ovarian fibrosis,angiogenesis,immune system regulation and apoptosis,affect hormone levels,activating follicles,and promoting the recovery of ovarian function,thereby improving the fertility of childbearing period.This article summarizes the related research results and the advantages and disadvantages of MSCs in the treatment of POF to provide reference for the follow-up research,with the aim of making this treatment strategy applicable to the clinic in the near fu ture.