广东地区红掌橘全爪螨危害调查

Investigation on the damage of Panonychus citri(McGregor)on Anthurium andraeanum

通过显微观察橘全爪螨生活史与产卵量,开展广东地区红掌橘全爪螨危害普查和调查,结果发现橘全爪螨从若螨发育为雌成螨的当天不产卵,第2天开始每天产卵3~4枚,多则5枚,产卵历时8 d,每雌螨总产卵量约28.40枚。雌螨生命周期约为17.90 d,从卵期、幼螨期、若螨期到成螨期分别为5.56、1.42、2.52和8.40 d。橘全爪螨主要危害红掌中下部老叶,以危害叶背为主,虫害发生初期叶背出现许多灰白色小点,严重时全叶呈灰白色。不同红掌品种橘全爪螨的危害虫情指数差异很大,‘维多’红掌受害最重,虫情指数20.4%;‘朝天娇’‘广花福运’‘红斑比诺’‘满天星’‘莉莉’5个红掌品种受害较轻,虫情指数均小于5.0%。本研究为提前预防螨虫危害和开展有效药剂筛选提供了科学依据。

By observing the life history and spawning quantity of the Panonychus citri(McGregor),and carry out a general survey and investigation on the harm caused by the Panonychus citri(McGregor)in Guangdong area.The results indicate that larva mites do not lay eggs on the day when they just develop into female adult mites,they will lay 3-4 eggs per day from the second day,and the maximum number is 5,lasting for 8 days.The total number of eggs laid by each female mite is 28.40.The growth and development cycle of the Panonychus citri(McGregor)is 5.56,1.42,2.52 and 8.40 days from the egg stage,juvenile mite stage,nymph stage to adult mite stage,and the total life cycle is about 17.90 days.It mainly harms the old leaves in the middle and lower parts of the Anthurium andraeanum,especially the back.At the early stage,there are many pale spots on the back of the leaves,and the whole leaves are filled with pale in severe condition.There are significant differences in pest index among different varieties of Anthurium andraeanum.A.Vitol is severely damaged,with a pest index of 20.4%.A.Chaotianjiao,A.Guanghua Fuyun,A.Bambino Red,A.Baby's Breath and A.Lilli are least damaged,with pest index less than 5.0%.This study provides a scientific basis for the early prevention of mite infestation and the screening of effective pesticides.