基于知识图谱的流域初始水权分配方法研究进展

Research progress of initial water rights allocation methods in river basin based on knowledge map

以2000-2021年Web of Science 3大引文数据库和中国知网收录的524篇流域初始水权分配研究文献为基础,利用Citespace软件对文献的作者研究机构与团队、关键词进行了可视化分析,并综述了流域初始水权分配方法的研究进展。结果表明:流域初始水权分配实质上是将流域多年平均水资源量(或某一水文频率下的天然径流量)作为流域用水总量控制指标,按照“流域区域行业”水权科层制分配模式,分配给流域内所辖各行政区及行业,以推进区域均衡协调发展与产业结构优化升级;在流域初始水权分配过程中,主要依据流域所辖各行政区的经济社会特征,统筹体现社会公平、经济效益、生态保护、风险控制等多维目标,明确水权分配原则,设计水权分配指标体系,建立基于分配模式的初始水权分配模型。指出今后亟须深入贯彻落实“以水定产”绿色发展理念,强化水资源刚性约束与双控行动,探索流域初始水权与产业结构优化适配模式。

Based on the 524 literatures about initial water rights allocation in river basins collected from three citation databases of Web of Science and CNKI from 2000 to 2021,a visual analysis on the literatures from aspects of research institution and team of the authors and key words is conducted using Citespace software.The research progress of initial water rights allocation methods in river basins is reviewed.The results show that,the initial water rights allocation in a river basin is to take the average water resources of the river basin for many years(or the natural runoff under a certain hydrological frequency)as the total water consumption control index,and allocate it to the administrative regions and their industries according to the“basin-region-industry”hierarchical allocation mode,so as to promote the balanced and coordinated development of the regions and the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.In the process of initial water rights allocation in a river basin,the dominant basis is the characteristics of economic and society in the administrative regions,so as to comprehensively reflect the multidimensional objectives of social equity,economic benefits,ecologic protection and risk control,clarify the principles of water rights allocation,develop a index system of water rights allocation,and establish a model of initial water rights allocation based on the allocation mode.In the future,it is urgent to thoroughly implement the green development concept of“determining production by water”,strengthen the rigid constraints and dual control actions of water resources,and explore the optimal adaptation mode of initial water rights and industrial structures.