基于GIS的地表水水质污染成因研究——以兴神大桥国考断面为例

Analysis on Causes of Surface Water Pollution Based on GIS——A Case Study of National Examination Section of Xingshen Bridge

黄河陕西府谷段流经毛乌素沙漠边缘,生态环境脆弱,具有独特的结构和功能。准确了解地表水中污染物的污染状况和来源是解决环境问题的关键。研究结合现场勘查和监测断面布置,开展常规水质指标监测,将水质监测数据与排污口和工业污染源、农业污染源和生活污染源数据充分耦合,进行水体中的污染物的溯源。结果表明,化学需氧量、生化需氧量、高锰酸盐指数三项指标出现超标的点位与人类生活区密切相关。地理信息系统调查对黄河中游水质改善和河流规划目标具有良好的支撑作用。

The Fugu section of the Yellow River in Shaanxi flows through the edge of Maowusu Desert.The ecological environment is fragile and has a unique structure and function.Accurate understanding of the pollution status and sources of pollutants in surface water is crucial for addressing environmental problems.Combined with field surveys and monitoring section arrangements,specific indicators monitoring is conducted.Water quality monitoring data is extensively coupled with data from wastewater outlets,industrial pollution sources,agricultural pollution sources,and domestic pollution sources trace the pollutants in the water.The results indicate that the three indicators of chemical oxygen demand,biochemical oxygen demand,permanganate index that exceeded the standard are closely related to human activity areas.Geographical information system surveys provide good support for water quality improvement and river planning goals in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.