不同土地利用方式对蒲江县生物多样性的影响

Effects of Different Land Use Patterns on Biodiversity

为进一步掌握四川省蒲江县生物多样性状况,于2020—2021年,对县域内的维管植物、脊椎动物、植被及生态系统开展本底调查与研究,通过自然保护地、重要生态功能区和MaxEnt预测分析识别土地利用格局变化对栖息地质量、生物多样性的影响。结果表明:研究区内生物多样性的显著特点是:物种多样性较差,重点保护野生物种较匮乏,入侵物种占比较高,生态系统组成较简单,多以人工植被为主。蒲江县土地利用格局以耕地、林地和人造地表占绝对优势,维管植物物种数与林地、人造地表呈正相关,与耕地、水域负相关。生物多样性水平受土地利用格局变化影响较大,总体来看,研究区生物多样性极重要区、高度重要区面积分别为4029.72、8973.52 hm^(2),分别占研究区总面积的6.95%、15.74%。研究结果可为蒲江县快速城镇化的土地利用规划和生物多样性保护管理以及成都市生物多样性保护网络构建、生物多样性调查及监测和生物多样性保护及国家生态园林城市创建和生态文明建设提供参考。

In order to further understand and reflect the biodiversity status of Pujiang County,Sichuan Province,background investigation and research will be carried out on Vascular plant,vertebrates,vegetation and ecosystems in the county from 2020 to 2021,and the impact of land use pattern changes on habitat quality and biodiversity will be identified through nature reserves,important ecological functional areas and MaxEnt prediction and analysis.The results show that the significant characteristics of biodiversity in the study area are:poor species diversity,lack of key protected wildlife species,high proportion of invasive species,simple ecosystem composition,mostly artificial vegetation.The land use pattern of Pujiang County is dominated by cultivated land,forest land and artificial land surface.The number of Vascular plant species is positively correlated with forest land and artificial land surface,and negatively correlated with cultivated land and water area.Biodiversity suitable areas are greatly affected by changes in land use patterns.Overall,the areas of extremely important and highly important areas for biodiversity in the study area are 4029.72,8973.52 hm 2,accounting for 6.95%,15.74%of the total area of the study area respectively.The research results can provide reference for the land use planning and biodiversity conservation management of Pujiang County,as well as the construction of biodiversity conservation network in Chengdu,biodiversity survey and monitoring,biodiversity conservation,the establishment of the national ecological garden city,and the construction of ecological civilization.