突发自然灾害事件多主体风险信息感知全过程模型研究--以郑州“7·20”暴雨灾害事件为例

Research on the Whole Process Model of the Multiple-subject Risk Information Perception of Sudden Natural Disaster Events:A Case Study of“7·20”Heavy Rain in Zhengzhou

为给突发自然灾害事件风险信息感知工作提供理论支撑,厘清公众风险信息感知的影响因素和演变过程,构建突发自然灾害事件多主体风险信息感知全过程模型。结合当前应急管理工作实际情况,深入剖析突发自然灾害事件多主体风险信息感知的价值和特征,提炼影响因素,明晰自然灾害信息与前期准备、风险感知以及应急响应三者之间的作用机理,在此基础上构建突发自然灾害多主体风险信息感知的全过程作用模型,并以郑州“7·20”暴雨灾害事件为对照样本进行阐释验证。研究发现:前期准备与包括风险意识在内的应急素养是风险信息感知环节有效开展的必要条件,必须将前期准备、风险感知、应急响应工作进行有机结合,为应对突发自然灾害事件提供更为坚实的助力。

In order to provide theoretical support for the work of risk information perception of sudden natural disaster events,and clarify the influence factors and the evolution process of public risk information perception,the whole process analysis model of multi-subject risk information perception of sudden natural disaster events is constructed in this paper.First,combined with current emergency management practices,we deeply analyzed the value and characteristics of multi-subject risk information perception of sudden natural disaster events.Then,we summarized the influence factors of risk perception of sudden natural disaster events,and clarified the mechanism between natural disaster information and pre-preparation,risk perception,and emergency response.On this basis,we constructed the whole process function model of multi-subject risk information perception of sudden natural disaster,and take“7·20”heavy rain in Zhengzhou as the control sample for illustration and verification.The results show that pre-preparation and emergency literacy,including risk awareness,are the necessary conditions for the risk information perception,and it is necessary to combine pre-preparation,risk perception and emergency response to provide solid assistance for dealing with sudden natural disaster events.