重庆东部地区鲊广椒乳酸菌分离鉴定及细菌菌群多样性分析

Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria and analysis of bacterial community diversity in zha-chili samples collected from eastern Chongqing

为明确重庆东部地区鲊广椒中乳酸菌多样性和细菌群落多样性,该研究以采集自重庆东部5个地区的鲊广椒为研究对象,采用微生物纯培养技术对其蕴含的乳酸菌菌株进行分离鉴定,并进一步采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对其细菌菌群多样性进行了解析。结果表明,采用纯培技术共从鲊广椒样品中分离得到122株乳酸菌,鉴定为同一个门5个属下的22个种,其中戊糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus pentosus)、消化乳杆菌(Lactobacillus alimentarius)和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)为鲊广椒中的优势细菌,分别占乳酸菌总分离株的26.23%、20.49%和18.85%。高通量测序结果表明重庆东部地区鲊广椒样品以厚壁菌门(Firmicute)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)为主,且在属水平上平均相对丰度大于1.0%的细菌属有7个,包括乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacter)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter),其中乳酸杆菌属平均相对丰度为63.96%。由此可见重庆东部地区鲊广椒中蕴含了丰富的乳酸菌资源,并且具有较高的多样性。

In order to clarify the diversity of lactic acid bacteria and bacterial community in zha-chili of eastern Chongqing,using the zha-chili collected from the five eastern regions of Chongqing as research object,the lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated and identified by pure culture technology,and the bacterial community diversity of zha-chili samples was analyzed by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology.A total of 122 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from zha-chili by pure culture technology,and identified as 22 species of 5 genera of the same phylum.Among them,Lactobacillus pentosus,Lactobacillus alimentarius and Lactobacillus plantarum accounted for 26.23%,20.49%and 18.85%of the total strains of lactic acid bacteria.The results of high-throughput sequencing indicated that the dominant fungal phyla were Firmicute,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in zha-chili samples,and there were 7 genera of bacteria with the average relative abundance of more than 1.0%in zha-chili,including Lactobacillus,Acetobacter,Weissella,Lactococcus,Corynebacterium,Staphylococcus and Enterobacter.Lactobacillus was the main specie with an average relative abundance of 63.96%.Thus,the zha-chili samples collected from eastern Chongqing had abundant lactic acid bacteria and high diversity.