卵泡发育相关信号通路的研究进展

Research progress of the ovarian follicle development associated signaling pathways

卵泡是产生成熟卵子、分泌女性激素的基本功能单位,其发生发育是一个连续的动态过程,涉及诸多信号通路和激素调节作用。卵泡发育与女性生殖健康密切相关,然而,目前针对卵泡的研究仍局限于单靶点-单通路,缺乏系统的分子网络机制。大量研究提示,参与调控卵泡发育的信号通路所涉及的生物学过程主要包括卵母细胞减数分裂、原始卵泡活化、颗粒细胞增殖和性激素合成分泌。因此,本文对卵泡发育相关信号通路及其作用机制进行综述,以期为卵泡发育异常疾病的基础研究和临床治疗提供理论依据与线索。

Follicle is the basic functional unit of the ovum production and sex hormone secretion.The development of the follicle is a continuous and dynamic process,involving lots of signaling pathways and the regulating effect by hormones.The development of the follicle is closely related to the female reproductive health,however,the current researches on follicles are still limited to the single target-single pathway,and the systematic molecular network mechanism is lack.Plenty of studies have shown that the biological processes of the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of follicle development mainly include oocyte meiosis,primordial follicle activation,granulosa cell proliferation,and sex hormone synthesis and secretion.Therefore,this paper reviews the follicle development related signaling pathways and their mechanism of action,aiming to provide theoretical basis and idea for the follow-up basic research and clinical treatment of the follicular dysplasia related diseases.