专业学习网络:拓展教师学习边界的新模式

Professional Learning Networks: A New Model of Teacher Learning Boundary Crossing

教师如何实现持续有效的学习是当前教师专业发展的重要议题。专业学习网络(PLNs)作为一种非正式的教师网络学习模式,可以通过在线交流和跨界协作,拓展教师学习边界,打破学校组织限制,成为继学校教师学习共同体之后的又一教师学习革新模式。PLNs并不是突现的一个全新概念,而是作为一种拓展型专业学习共同体的特殊形式,随着互联网和信息技术的更新演变而成。在PLNs中,教师通过跨越边界进行拓展性学习,故教师跨界者、连接的边界对象和边界活动是专业学习网络的三大构成要素。要保证PLNs有效支持教师专业学习,需具备共享目标、成员协作、反思性专业探究、网络领导力和跨界学习5项关键条件。理论层面,PLNs作为支持学习和专业发展的交互系统,集聚作为专业人士的教师、资源和数字工具,是促进系统变革的催化剂,具有整合专业资本要素的潜能;实践层面,PLNs有助于在一定程度上解决目前校内和校外教师专业学习“失联”的问题,可帮助教师跨越学校组织界限,改进学校效能,最终提升学生学习成果。

How teachers can achieve continuous and effective learning is an important issue for current teacher professional development.Professional Learning Networks(PLNs)are a kind of informal teacher network learning model based on online exchange and cross-border collaboration,which can expand teachers’learning boundaries,break school organizational constraints,and become another teacher learning innovation mode after teacher learning communities.PLNs are not a new concept that emerges suddenly,but a special form of expansive professional learning communities that evolves with the update and evolution of the Internet and information technology.In PLNs,teachers expand their learning by crossing boundaries,so teacher broker,boundary objects of connection,and boundary activities are the three main components of professional learning networks.To ensure that PLNs effectively support teacher professional learning,five key conditions are required,including shared goals,collaboration,reflective professional inquiry,network leadership,and boundary-crossing learning.On the theoretical level,PLNs are interactive systems that support learning and professional development,gathering teachers as professionals,resources and digital tools,and are catalysts for promoting system change,with the potential to integrate professional capital elements.On the practical level,PLNs can help to some extent solve the problem of“disconnection”between in-school and out-of-school teacher professional learning,help teachers to cross school organizational boundaries,improve school effectiveness,and ultimately improve student learning outcomes.