唾液腺腺样囊性癌嗜神经侵袭微环境的研究进展

Research progress on the microenvironment of perineural invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas

唾液腺腺样囊性癌(salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma,SACC)是一种常见的唾液腺恶性肿瘤。早期肿瘤多数生长缓慢,但是中晚期SACC患者可能会出现疼痛甚至神经损伤的症状,这与肿瘤的嗜神经侵袭(perineural invasion,PNI)特性密切相关。嗜神经侵袭是指肿瘤沿着神经纤维扩散生长的现象,包括浸润神经纤维周围和侵入神经纤维内,被广泛认为是肿瘤转移的第四种途径。嗜神经侵袭是SACC主要的病理特性和不良预后的标志。尽管这个特征被广泛认知,但是对其发生的具体机制目前了解甚微。近年来,随着对肿瘤神经侵袭机制研究的不断深入,肿瘤与神经相互作用的微环境理论已经成为嗜神经侵袭研究的热点,因此,本文就唾液腺腺样囊性癌嗜神经侵袭微环境方面的研究做一综述。

Salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas(SACCs)are one of the common malignant tumors of salivary gland.Most early-stage SACCs grow slowly,but patients with middle stage or advanced SACCs experience symptoms of pain or even nerve damage,which are closely related to the perineural invasion(PNI).PNI is a phenomenon that tumor cells spread and grow along nerve fibers,including the infiltration around and into nerve fibers.Hence,PNI is widely considered as the fourth route of metastasis.PNI is the main pathological characteristic and a sign of poor prognosis of SACC.Although PNI has been widely recognized,how PNI occurs remains unclear.With the in-depth research on the mechanism of PNI in recent years,the microenvironment theory of the interaction between tumors and nerves has become a hot spot in the research of PNI.The present article reviews the microenvironment of PNI of SACCs.