社区老年慢性病患者中医药服务需求影响因素研究

Study of traditional Chinese medicine service demand of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community and its influencing factors

目的:对上海市静安区彭浦新村街道老年慢性病患者开展焦虑抑郁状况及中医药服务需求调查。方法:采用单纯随机抽样方法选取于2019年8月—2022年8月在上海市静安区彭浦新村街道社区卫生服务中心门诊就诊的220例老年慢性病患者开展问卷调查,问卷内容包括其一般资料、焦虑自评量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表及中医药服务需求。结果:220例社区老年慢性病患者中,焦虑患者55例(25.0%),抑郁患者94例(42.7%),焦虑合并抑郁患者39例(17.7%),社区老年慢性病患者对中药指导、穴位保健、穴位敷贴、中药熏洗这4项中医药服务的需求度较高。医疗负担、抑郁状况是对社区老年慢性病患者情志疏导服务需求具有统计学意义的影响因素(P<0.05);焦虑状况是对社区老年慢性病患者中药熏洗服务需求具有统计学意义的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:彭浦新村街道老年慢性病患者的焦虑、抑郁发生率均较高,应深入社区开展各类心理专题讲座、中医情志疏导沙龙及中医药适宜技术服务,将情志疏导、中药熏洗等中医药服务融入到慢性病患者的心理健康管理中,提升其身心健康水平。

Objective:To investigate the anxiety,depression and demand for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)services of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in the Pengpuxincun Community of Jingan District,Shanghai.Methods:Two hundred and twenty elderly patients with chronic diseases who visited the Community Health Service Center of Pengpuxincun Community in Jingan District,Shanghai were selected with a simple random sampling method from August 2019 to August 2022 to conduct a questionnaire survey,and the questionnaire contents included the general information,selfrating anxiety scale,Hamilton depression scale and the needs of traditional Chinese medicine service.Results:Among 220 elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community,55 cases(25.0%)were anxious,95 cases(42.7%)were depression,and 39 cases(17.7%)had anxiety combined with depression.The elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community had a high demand for four items of TCM guidance,acupoint health care,acupoint application,and TCM fumigation and washing services.Medical burden and depression were statistically significant influencing factors on the demand for TCM emotional counseling services for the elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05);anxiety was a statistically significant influencing factor on the demand for TCM fumigation washing services for the elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of anxiety and depression among the elderly patients with chronic diseases in Pengpuxincun Community is relatively high,it is necessary to conduct various psychological lectures,TCM emotional counseling salons,and appropriate technical services of TCM in the community,and TCM services such as emotional counseling and TCM fumigation washing should be integrated into the mental health management of the elderly patients with chronic diseases to improve their physical and mental health levels.