航空发动机复合材料叶片用聚氨酯密封胶的研制

Development of Polyurethane Sealant for Aeroengine Composite Blades

通过合成2,4’-甲苯二异氰酸酯预聚体、4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯预聚体、含磷聚己内酯二元醇和端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)共聚物,并以适量填料、催化剂、助剂等制备了室温固化的聚氨酯密封胶。研究了提高聚氨酯密封胶对金属镍、钛合金的粘接强度和耐湿热性能以及耐振动疲劳的方法,包括合成含苯环的多异氰酸酯预聚体作为固化剂,合成具有羟基官能团的含磷聚己内酯二元醇,同时仍以异氰酸酯基作为端基。结果表明,含磷聚己内酯二元醇可有效提高密封胶对金属镍的粘接附着力,与端羟基聚丁二烯共聚物共用耐疲劳性能优异。综上实验制备了一种可满足航空发动机复合材料风扇叶片金属包边使用要求的聚氨酯密封胶。

Through the synthesis of 2,4'-toluene diisocyanate prepolymer,4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate prepolymer,phosphorus-contained polycaprolactone diol and hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)copolymer,the room temperature curing polyurethane sealant is prepared with appropriate filler,catalyst and auxiliaries.The methods of improving the high bonding strength,dampness-heat resistance and vibration fatigue resistance of polyurethane sealant to nickel and titanium alloy are studied,including the synthesis of polyisocyanate prepolymer containing benzene ring as curing agent,the synthesis of phosphorus-contained polycaprolactone diol with hydroxyl functional group,while the isocyanate group is still used as the end group.The results show that the phosphorus-contained polycaprolactone diol can effectively improve the adhesion of the sealant to nickel metal,and it has excellent fatigue performance when used with hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene copolymer.In summary,a kind of polyurethane sealant which can meet the requirement of metal edge covering of composite fan blade of aeroengine is prepared.