成都市某高校全科医学生营养身心健康状况分析

Analysis of Nutrition and Physical and Mental Health Status of General Medicine Students in A University in Chengdu City

目的:调查成都市某高校全科医学生营养知信行及心理健康现状并探讨相关影响因素。方法:以成都市某高校全科医学生为研究对象,采用整群抽样方法,在2022年6月采用自制营养知识-态度-行为(KAP)问卷、9条目患者健康问卷和7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表,以电子问卷方式进行调查。结果:423例全科医学生营养知识得分为(7.48±2.51)分,营养态度得分为(15.94±3.06)分,营养行为得分为(25.22±4.56)分,KAP总体平均得分仅为(48.64±7.90)分,其中女性得分高于男性得分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);抑郁人数为229人,占比54.14%。男生中抑郁的人数,显著高于女生(P<0.01),失眠、吸烟和饮酒的人群抑郁比例均高于无以上不良生活习惯的人群(P<0.01);男生中焦虑的比例显著高于女生(P<0.01),失眠、吸烟和饮酒的人群焦虑比例均高于无以上不良生活习惯的人群(P<0.01)。多因素Logistics回归分析显示,年级高低、父母婚姻状况、是否失眠、KAP得分是全科医学生抑郁的相关影响因素。年级高低、父母婚姻状况、是否失眠和营养行为是全科医学生焦虑的相关影响因素。结论:成都市某医学院全科医学生营养知信行整体成绩较差,心理健康状况不容乐观。应开展针对的心理健康教育、营养教育,提高整体全科医学生的心理健康水平和营养健康素养。

Objective To investigate the status quo of nutritional knowledge,belief,behavior and mental health of general practice students in a university in Chengdu city,and to explore the related influencing factors.Method Taking general medical students in a university in Chengdu city as the research objects,cluster sampling method was used.In June 2022,a self-made nutrition KAP questionnaire,a 9-item patient health questionnaire and a 7-item Generalized anxiety Disorder Scale were used to conduct the survey electronically.Result The scores of nutritional knowledge,attitude and behavior of 423 general medical students were(7.48±2.51),(15.94±3.06)and(25.22±4.56)respectively.The overall average score of KAP was(48.64±7.90).Among them,the score of women was higher than that of men,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Totally 229 people were depressed,accounting for 54.14%.The number of depressed boys was significantly higher than that of girls(P<0.01).The proportion of depression in insomnia,smoking and drinking group was higher than that in the group without the above bad habits(P<0.01).The proportion of anxiety in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(P<0.01).The proportion of anxiety in insomnia,smoking and drinking group was higher than that in the group without the above bad habits(P<0.01).Multi-factor Logistics regression analysis shows that grade level,marital status of parents,insomnia and KAP score are the related influencing factors of depression among general medical students.Grade level,marital status of parents,insomnia and nutritional behavior were related to anxiety among general practitioners.Conclusion The students of general practice in a medical college in Chengdu city had poor performance in nutrition knowledge,knowledge and practice,and their mental health was not optimistic.Mental health education and nutrition education should be carried out to improve the mental health level and nutritional health literacy of general practice students.