雷诺数对高负荷轴流压气机性能及稳定性影响的试验研究

Experimental study of effects of Reynolds number on performance and stability of high load axial compressors

试验研究了雷诺数对多级高负荷轴流压气机性能的影响,获取了该型压气机在不同雷诺数条件下性能和稳定性的衰退情况,并用试验结果对Wassell的雷诺数对压气机性能影响修正方法进行了对比验证。结果表明,雷诺数对该型压气机性能的影响随压气机工作工况变化而有所不同,在设计转速同一单位功率下,雷诺数由4.7×10^(5)降低至1.6×10^(5)时,流量减小了5.6%,效率降低了3.8%,压比减小了4.8%,综合裕度衰减了5.0%。Wassell方法给出的雷诺数对压气机流量、效率和喘点压比各参数的经验计算方法趋势正确,然而由于缺乏相关系数和参考值,需要结合低雷诺数试验结果方可进行。雷诺数对压气机喘振过程有所影响,相较于常规雷诺数工况,低雷诺数条件下喘振后各参数无论是变化量还是退出喘振恢复正常所用时间均有较大差异,且进口容腔效应对压气机进口压力变化的影响更为明显,从而导致低雷诺数条件下试验退喘风险增加。

The effect of Reynolds number on the performance of a multistage axial compressor with high load was studied by experimental method.The performance and stability degradation of the compressor under different Reynolds numbers were obtained.The Wassell method of Reynolds number effect on compressor was compared and verified by experimental results.Results show that Reynolds number has different effects on compressor performance under different operating conditions.When the 55 Reynolds number decreases from 4.7×10^(5) to 1.6×10^(5) at the same design speed and unit power,the flow rate decreases by 5.6%,the efficiency decreases by 3.8%,the pressure ratio decreases by 4.8%,and the comprehensive margin decreases by 5.0%.The experimental results have verified that the Wassell method for the influence of Reynolds number on compressor performance has the correct trend.However,due to the lack of correlation coefficients and reference values,it is necessary to combine low Reynolds number test results.Reynolds number affects not only compressor performance but also surge process.For this type of compressors,there are significant differences in both the amount of change and the time taken to recover from surge at low Reynolds number condition compared to conventional Reynolds number.The influence of inlet cavity effect on the inlet pressure change of compressor is more obvious,which increase the risk of test.