高血压的诊治进展

Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension

高血压是全球主要的公共卫生问题和疾病负担之一,影响约14亿人。尽管在过去30年中医疗水平得到了巨大发展,但由于人口老龄化、治疗依从性差,以及过多盐摄入、超重和肥胖等相关危险因素的增加,高血压患病率大幅上升,归因于高血压的伤残调整生命年增加了40%,主要源于中风、冠状动脉粥样硬化、心力衰竭和肾衰竭等风险增加。与高血压诊治、管理等相关的重大问题,如确定高血压患者的最佳血压目标、开发新型降压药物/设备及实施有效可行的高血压管理策略等仍有待解决。本文旨在总结近几年高血压相关临床研究的重要进展,以期改善高血压的防治效果。

Hypertension is one of the primary global public health concerns and disease burdens affecting approximately 1.4 billion people worldwide.Although medical care has developed tremendously in the past three decades,the prevalence of hypertension has risen substantially owing to the acceleration of population aging and poor adherence to treatment,as well as the increase of associated risk factors,such as excessive salt intake,overweight and obesity.As a result,the disability-adjusted life years increased by 40%,primarily due to the elevated risk of stroke,coronary atherosclerosis,heart failure and kidney failure.Significant problems related to the treatment and management of hypertension remain to be solved,including the determination of optimal blood pressure targets for hypertensive patients,the development of innovative antihypertensive medications and devices,and the implementation of effective and feasible hypertension management strategies.This article aims to highlight the crucial clinical studies in recent years for the purpose of arousing great concern and promoting the prevention and control of hypertension.