H_(2)O_(2)处理修复老化油莎豆的生理机制

Physiological mechanism of H_(2)O_(2)treatment to repair aged Cyperus esculentus

油莎豆(Cyperusesculentus)为一种新型多用途油料作物,但作为种子用的油莎豆块茎不耐贮藏,贮藏过程中种子活力迅速降低。本研究以自然老化的圆粒型油莎豆为试验材料,研究不同浓度H_(2)O_(2)(0、0.01%、0.1%、1%、3%、5%)对老化油莎豆的修复效果。结果表明:H_(2)O_(2)处理能有效修复老化油莎豆,提高块茎活力,促进萌发,H_(2)O_(2)浓度为1%时修复效果最好,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均显著升高(P<0.05),但平均发芽天数无显著变化(P>0.05),幼苗的农艺性状随H_(2)O_(2)浓度的升高呈先上升后下降的趋势。理化分析发现,经H_(2)O_(2)处理后,块茎中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05),淀粉酶含量呈先降低后上升的趋势,过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及赤霉素、脱落酸含量呈先上升后下降的趋势。灰色关联度分析发现,赤霉素是影响老化油莎豆修复效果的最重要因素。综上所述,H_(2)O_(2)主要通过调节抗氧化酶及淀粉酶活性、丙二醛含量、渗透调节物质含量、内源激素水平以修复油莎豆老化块茎,促进块茎萌发及幼苗生长。

Cyperus esculentus are a new kind of multi-purpose oil crop;however,the tubers used for reproduction are hard to store,and seed vigor has been found to rapidly decrease during storage.In this study,naturally aging round grain C.esculentus were used to explore the remediation effects of different concentrations of H_(2)O_(2)(0,0.01%,0.1%,1%,3%,5%).The results showed that H_(2)O_(2)treatment is able to effectively repair aged C.esculentus,improve tuber vigor and promote germination.We found that the repairing effect was best at a H_(2)O_(2)concentration of 1%,and the germination rate,germination potential and germination index all increased significantly(P<0.05);however,the average germination days did not change significantly(P>0.05).In addition,we found that the agronomic traits of seedlings increased initially and then decreased with an increasing H_(2)O_(2)concentration.Physicochemical analysis showed that after H_(2)O_(2)treatment,the soluble sugar and soluble protein content,along with the catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities,and gibberellins(GA3)and abscisic acid(ABA)content,increased initially and then decreased.In contrast,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the amylase content initially decreased and then increased.Grey correlation analysis found that GA3 was the most important factor affecting the repairing effect of H_(2)O_(2)in aged tiger nuts.In conclusion,our results revealed that H_(2)O_(2)repaired tiger nut aged tubers by regulating the antioxidant enzyme and amylase activity,MDA content,osmotic regulatory substance content and endogenous hormone level,and promoted tuber germination and seedling growth.