城乡土地融合发展:概念内涵、历史演进与机制设计

The Development of Urban⁃rural Land Integration:Conceptual Connotation,Historical Evolution,and Mechanism Design

破除城乡土地制度二元性,实现城乡土地要素平等自由交换是城乡融合发展的重要内容。新时代重新审视城乡土地关系,建立健全城乡土地融合发展的体制机制对深化土地制度改革、推动城乡融合发展具有重要的理论与现实意义。因此,在辨析城乡融合发展内涵的基础上,融合“产权—市场—规划”三重要素,从城乡土地产权均等化、城乡土地市场一体化以及土地规划与管理统一化三个层面理解和界定城乡土地融合发展的内涵。在此基础上,结合城乡土地制度变迁,系统梳理新中国成立后城乡土地关系的演变历程,并剖析其内在逻辑。以此为指导,基于深化农村土地产权制度改革、健全土地市场交易制度、加强土地规划与管理三个方面提出构建城乡土地融合发展体制机制的框架。

Achieving equal and unrestricted exchange of urban and rural land elements by transcending the duality of urban and rural land systems is a crucial aspect of urban-rural integration.In the contemporary era,re-evaluating the relationship between urban and rural land and establishing an improved system and mechanism for the development of urban-rural land integration holds immense theoretical and practical significance in deepening land system reforms and promoting urban-rural integration.This paper combines the three elements of“property-market-planning”to define the connotation of urban-rural land integration,encompassing the equalization of urban and rural land property rights,integration of urban and rural land markets,and unification of land planning and management.Additionally,based on the changes observed in the urban-rural land system,the paper systematically examines the historical evolution of the urban-rural land relationship since the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China,analyzing its underlying logic.Guided by these findings,the paper proposes a framework for establishing a system and mechanism for the development of urban-rural land integration,focusing on three aspects:furthering reforms in the rural land property rights system,enhancing the land market transaction system,and strengthening land planning and management.