超宽带雷达生命探测技术研究

Research on ultra wideband radar life detection technology

超宽带(UWB)雷达生命探测技术具有功耗低、穿透性好、保密性高等优点,有利于提高灾后受困人员的生存率。系统总结了UWB雷达生命探测技术的国内外研究进展及现状。根据发射信号形式不同,将UWB雷达生命探测技术分为连续波雷达生命探测技术和脉冲波雷达生命探测技术,分别介绍了2种探测技术的原理与应用优势。基于连续波雷达生命探测技术和脉冲波雷达生命探测技术的各自特点,从探测信号发射、回波信号预处理、生命信号提取与分析3个角度,分析了UWB雷达生命探测关键技术,总结了3种关键技术的研究现状。对UWB雷达生命探测技术的研究进行展望:突破生命探测仪收发机硬件性能,提升发射信号带宽,优化射频功率放大技术,以增大穿墙探测距离;综合利用多种特征提取方法和智能模式分类方法,以及人工智能、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术,提高目标识别的精确度;研制基于多输入多输出雷达的人体目标辨识与定位装备和高精度分布式组网全极化UWB雷达生命探测仪,提升探测结果维度。

Ultra wideband(UWB)radar life detection technology has the advantages of low power consumption,good penetration,and high confidentiality.It is beneficial for improving the survival rate of trapped personnel after disasters.This paper systematically summarizes the research progress and current status of UWB radar life detection technology both domestically and internationally.According to the different forms of transmitted signals,UWB radar life detection technology is divided into continuous wave radar life detection technology and pulse wave radar life detection technology.The principles and application advantages of the two detection technologies are introduced respectively.Based on the respective features of continuous wave radar life detection technology and pulse wave radar life detection technology,this paper analyzes the key technologies of UWB radar life detection from three perspectives:detection signal transmission,echo signal preprocessing,and life signal extraction and analysis,and summarizes the research status of the three key technologies.The paper proposes prospects for the research on UWB radar life detection technology.The technology breaks through the hardware performance of life detector transceivers,improves the transmission signal bandwidth,and optimizes RF power amplification technology to increase the detection distance through walls.The technology comprehensively utilizes multiple feature extraction methods and intelligent pattern classification methods,as well as new generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence,big data,and cloud computing,to improve the precision of target recognition.The technology develops a human target recognition and positioning equipment based on multi input multi output radar and a high-precision distributed networked fully polarized UWB radar life detector to enhance the dimension of detection results.