山区河流污染物通量监测与估算研究

Study on Monitoring and Estimation of Pollutant Flux in Mountainous Rivers

污染物通量监测是精准化治污与溯源的主要手段,这就需要保证污染物通量估算的快速有效性。寻乌水是东江干流的上游段,发源于江西省寻乌县,全段处于山丘地带。本文以寻乌水为例,结合山区河流水文水质特征,对高频监测数据进行预处理,估算2017—2021年山区河流的污染物通量。结果表明,2017年污染物通量较大,2018年和2021年均为干旱年,污染物通量较小;高锰酸盐指数受流量影响最大,汛期通量易出现峰值;总磷通量受浓度影响较大,浓度峰值出现时,总磷通量也会形成峰值;氨氮通量对流量反应最灵敏,波动最频繁,流量的较小变化也会引起氨氮通量变化。

Pollutant flux monitoring is the main means of precise pollution control and traceability,which requires ensuring the fast and effective estimation of pollutant flux.Xunwu River is the upstream section of the main stream of the Dongjiang River,originating from Xunwu County,Jiangxi Province,and the entire section is located in a hilly area.Taking Xunwu River as an example,combined with the hydrological and water quality characteristics of mountainous rivers,this paper preprocesses high-frequency monitoring data to estimate the pollutant flux of mountainous rivers from 2017 to 2021.The results indicate that the pollutant flux is relatively high in 2017,and 2018 and 2021 are both dry years with relatively low pollutant flux;the permanganate index is most affected by the flow rate,and the flux tends to peak during the flood season;the total phosphorus flux is greatly affected by concentration,and when the concentration peak occurs,the total phosphorus flux will also form a peak;the ammonia nitrogen flux is the most sensitive to flow rate and fluctuates the most frequently,small changes in flow rate can also cause changes in ammonia nitrogen flux.