公路交叉口照明和限速对视觉搜索能力的影响

Influence of lighting and speed limit on visual search ability at highway intersections

为解决夜间车辆在村镇无信号公路交叉口易与自行车或行人碰撞的问题,基于注意分配理论将驾驶人视野图片亮度、凝视点分布面积、注视点一次马尔可夫平稳分布和累计注视时间作为评价指标,结合Logistics回归构建视觉搜索能力量化模型。设计模拟驾驶试验,采集6种车速和4种照明下的数据验证模型,结果表明模型的正确分类百分比为93.45%。不同照明限速方案的对比结果表明,夜间村镇附近公路交叉口段限速应设为50 km/h,路面平均照度应不低于10 lx。

To improve the nighttime safety level of the unsignalized highway intersections that near villages,and reduce the likelihood of crashes between vehicles,bicycles and pedestrians,we used the attention distribution theory and combined with Logistics regression to construct the quantitative model of visual search ability.We selected the pixel brightness of drivers'visual field pictures,gaze area,one-time Markov stationary distribution and cumulative fixation time percentage as the attention distribution indicators.A simulation experiment scenario was built based on simulated driver,and the eye movement data of drivers under six speeds and four lighting schemes were collected to verify the model.The results show that the overall correct percentage of classification of the model is 93.45%.The maximum speed limit of highway intersections near villages should be set at 50 km/h,and the average road surface illuminance should not be less than 10 lx.