行政吸纳社会:过渡型乡村人民调解实践及其功能困境分析——以苏南A村为例

Administrative absorption of society:Analysis of transitional village people's mediation practice and its functional dilemma taking village A in southern Jiangsu as an example

过渡型乡村是城乡交融过程中的新乡村图景。人民调解是过渡型乡村的诉求回应机制与矛盾化解机制,人民调解功能与过渡型乡村治理效能相关联。以苏南A村为例,基于行政吸纳社会模式构建“社会结构中的行动-行动中的治理结构”分析框架,探究过渡型乡村人民调解实践与困境成因。研究发现:过渡型乡村在生产、生活维度呈现出非同步离散特点,混合性纠纷频生,社会结构复杂化。但过渡型乡村人民调解实践却呈现权宜式行动策略,调解功能走向失灵。过渡型乡村人民调解功能困境折射出基层治权强化与社会控制弱化的悖论。困境成因在于基层政府通过控制与同化在过渡型乡村建立起“行政吸纳社会”的单向度治理结构,这一治理结构与复杂化的社会结构错配,人民调解功能被消解。要恢复过渡型乡村人民调解的功能需要搭建双向度混合治理结构,推动调解主体社会再嵌入,实现过渡型乡村人民调解功能预期与实践的合一以及乡村社会治理有效。

Transitional village is a new rural picture formed in the process of urban-rural integration.People's mediation is a mechanism for responding to demands and resolving conflicts in transitional villages,and the function of people's mediation is related to the effectiveness of governance in transitional villages.Taking village A in southern Jiangsu as an example,the analysis framework of"action in social structure-governance structure in action"is constructed based on the Administrative Absorption of Society model to explore the mediation practices and causes of dilemmas in transitional villages under the change of governance structure.The study finds that the transitional villages are characterized by asynchronous discrete production and life dimensions,frequent mixed disputes,and complex social structures,but the practice of people's mediation in transitional villages shows expedient action strategies,and the mediation function becomes dysfunctional.The dilemma of the function of transitional village people's mediation reflects the paradox of strengthening grassroots governance and weakening social control.The cause of the dilemma is that the grassroots government has established a one-way governance structure of"administrative absorption of society"through control and assimilation in the transitional countryside,and the one-dimensional governance structure is mismatched with the complex social structure,and the function of people's mediation is dissipated.To restore the function of transitional rural people's mediation,it is necessary to build a two-dimensional mixed governance structure,promote the social re-embedding of mediation subjects,and realize the unity of expectations and practices of transitional rural people's mediation function and effective rural social governance.