和谐共生:师生伦理关系的道德理想

Harmonious Coexistence:The Moral Ideal of the Ethical Relationship Between Teachers and Students

学生在处理师生关系时的道德失范主要表现在对教师缺乏真诚的尊重、理解和体贴与个人行为不受约束两个方面。从美德论来看,学生一方面对教师存在“假尊重”的现象,另一方面对待学习的态度懒散、状态萎靡;从功利论来看,由于学生某些行为不受约束,加之教师惩戒权的缺失,会在一定程度上导致教学格局失控,严重时还会使教育意义丧失;从道义论来看,角色身份失位使师生双方职责履行受阻,尊师重道的教育伦理原则受到冲击。师生伦理关系的道德理想是尊师重道、人格平等、责权分明、和谐共生。

Students' moral anomie in dealing with teacher-student relationship is mainly manifested in two aspects:the lack of sincere respect for,understanding of and consideration for teachers and unrestrained personal behaviors.From the perspective of virtue theory,on the one hand,students have“hypocritical respect”for teachers,on the other hand,their attitude towards learning is inactive and their state is sluggish.From the perspective of utilitarianism,due to the unrestrained behavior of students and the lack of teachers' disciplinary power,the teaching will be out of control to some extent,and in severe cases,it can also lead to the loss of educational significance.From the deontological point of view,the loss of role status hinders both teachers' and students' fulfillment of responsibilities,and impairs the ethical principle of respecting teachers.The moral ideal of teacher-student ethical relationship we advocate is respect for teachers,equality in moral quality,clearly defined responsibilities and rights,and harmonious coexistence.