洪涝灾害治理政策工具的选择偏好与路径优化

Selection Preferences and Path Optimization of Policy Tools for Flood Disaster Control

近年来,我国洪涝灾害频发,严重威胁社会稳定与发展。省级政府是洪涝灾害治理的关键主体,其相关政策的出台为洪涝灾害有效治理提供了制度保障,分析洪涝灾害治理政策工具的特征,有利于为后续洪涝灾害政策的制定和完善提供思路。基于政策工具视角,采用内容分析法,借助NVivo12 plus质性分析软件,对省级政府颁布的51项政策文本进行内容分析和量化分析。结果表明:洪涝灾害环境型政策工具使用过溢,对策略性措施政策工具有较强依赖;供给型政策工具使用力度偏弱,强调信息支持和基础设施建设政策工具;需求型政策工具应用较少,社会参与政策工具供给不足。并据此提出细化供给型政策工具内容规定,均衡环境型政策工具内部结构,构建多方协同治理的政策体系等政策建议。

In recent years,flood disasters have occurred frequently in China,seriously threatening social stability and development.The pro-vincial governments are the key subjects of flood disaster control,and the introduction of relevant policies provides institutional guarantees for the effective control of flood disasters.Analyzing the characteristics of flood disaster control policy tools is conducive to providing ideas for for-mulating and improving subsequent flood disaster policies.From the perspective of policy tools,the content analysis method and NVivo12 plus qualitative analysis software were used to conduct content analysis and quantitative analysis of 51 policy texts promulgated by provincial gov-ernments.The results show that flood environment policy tools are overused,with a strong reliance on strategic measures policy tools;supply-based policy tools are weakly used,emphasizing information support and infrastructure construction policy tools;demand-based policy tools are less applicable,and the supply of social participation policy tools is insufficient.According to the above study,we propose detailed provi-sions on the content of supply oriented policy tools,balancing the internal structure of environment policy tools and building a multi-party co-ordination and control policy system.