学科融合发展:高校综合性学报未来的发展趋势——基于全国31所高校社科学报历年数据的实证分析

Discipline Integration Development:the Future Development Trend of University Comprehensive Journals--An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of Social Science Journals of 31 Universities in China

“专业化转型”曾被普遍认为是高校综合性学术期刊发展的必然方向,然而在期刊发展实践中,“专业化转型论”却遭遇多种现实的尴尬。以31所高校社科学报为样本,通过实证的方式探究其学科发展现状,分析学科差异水平与影响力指标之间的关系,以期为综合类高校学报发展提供参考。研究发现:经过二十年的发展,大部分样本期刊已呈现出不同程度的学科专业化倾向,但学科差异度随时间不断波动;期刊发文学科交叉明显,呈现学科融合趋势;部分期刊为追逐评价指标而进行功利化转型,导致期刊影响力水平降低,不利于期刊的可持续发展;部分期刊基于重大现实问题设置专栏,组织不同学科从不同视角围绕同一问题进行探讨,体现了学科融合发展的新趋势;学科融合化对提升期刊影响力的作用是明显的,且优于学科专业化对期刊影响力水平的提升作用。高校综合性学报的发展应当建立在稳定的优势学科基础之上,同时在选题策划上加强问题意识和整体意识,变学科拼盘为学科融合,围绕重大的现实问题组织开展多元化的探讨,形成广泛的学术共同体,走学科融合化发展道路,构建中国特色哲学社会科学学术期刊体系。

The specialization transformation is generally regarded as the inevitable direction of the development of academic journals.However,in the practice of journal development,the“specialization transformation theory”has encountered a variety of practical embarrassments.Taking 31 journals of social sciences in colleges and universities as samples,the author explores the status quo of discipline development through empirical method,and analyzes the relationship between discipline difference level and influence index,hoping to provide reference for the development of comprehensive journals of universities.The author finds that after twenty years of development,most of the sample journals have shown a trend of disciplinary specialization in different degrees,but the degree of disciplinary difference fluctuates over time.There is an obvious interdisciplinary trend in journal publication,which shows the trend of discipline integration.Some journals are utilitarian in pursuit of evaluation indexes,which actually leads to decrease of the influence level and is not conducive to the sustainable development of journals.In addition,some journals set up special columns based on major practical issues,and organize different disciplines to discuss the same issue from different perspectives,reflecting the new trend of the development of interdisciplinary integration.The discipline integration plays an obvious role in enhancing the influence of journals and it is better than the promotion effect of discipline specialization on the influence level of journals.The development of comprehensive journals in universities should be based on stable dominant disciplines.At the same time,it should strengthen the problem consciousness and holistic consciousness in the topic selection and planning,so as to change the discipline platter into discipline integration.Moreover,we should organize diverse discussions around major practical issues,form a broad academic community,and take the development road of disciplinary integration in order to build a system of academic journals for philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics.