直言的个体道德伦理:话语模式与主体性建构

Analysis of Discourse Patterns and Subjective Construction in Relation to Individual Morality and Ethics in Outspoken Individuals

福柯后期围绕“直言”说真话的真理话语模式,对古希腊文本中出现的直言、预言、智者、传授知识和技能四种说真话的话语模式进行了讨论。他从概念、特征、实践运作方式的视角来分析,阐释了四种真理话语模式在个体自身通向道德主体建构中的潜能和运作模式。他以公元4—5世纪文学、政治、历史文本中的直言为对象,重点围绕直言对道德主体的建构实践展开论述。这一研究对当代受管理制度规训的主体,何以向具有伦理道德理性的主体转变具有重要的启示意义。直言的道德实践是直言主体的自我关怀与他人道德育化的结合,观照自己、处理自我与他者的关系,并通过政治、经济等领域的实践来影响他者。探索直言对个体道德主体性的建构,旨在发挥个体的道德力量,利用真话来影响他人,以促进社会的良性发展。

In his later years,Foucault explored the four modes of truth-telling found in ancient Greek texts-bluntness,prophecy,wisdom,and knowledge and skill transfer.He examined the conceptual,characteristic,and operational aspects of these modes,aiming to understand their potential and operational modes in constructing an individual’s moral subjectivity.Additionally,he analyzed the construction practices of moral subjects in literature,politics,and history texts from the 4th and 5th centuries.This analysis has significant implications for transforming contemporary subjects disciplined by management systems into individuals with ethical and moral reasoning.The moral practice of speaking bluntly involves self-care,moral cultivation of others,managing relationships,and influencing others through political and economic practices.The ultimate goal of constructing an outspoken individual moral subject is to leverage individual moral authority and truth to positively influence others and promote the healthy development of society.