校园欺凌防治政策研究:基于PMC指数模型的分析

Analysis of School Bullying Prevention and Control Policies:Based on PMC Index Model Construction

青少年心理健康的发展需要有效的政策体系支持,政策文本量化研究能够对现行的校园欺凌防治政策进行详尽分析与评价,为我国后期校园欺凌防治政策的制定、实施、修正和调整提供相关依据。本研究通过采用内容文本挖掘(ROST CM6)及PMC指数构建等研究方法对国家层面出台的55项校园欺凌防治政策构建指标模型,结合PMC指数量化分析结果对校园欺凌防治政策进行实证分析。实证结果显示:校园欺凌防治政策整体发布较为合理,11项政策样本中有5项优秀,6项可接受,优良率占比为100%;11项政策由高到低排序为:P3(6.69)>P6(6.48)>P5(6.35)>P4(6.21)>P2(6.06)>P7(5.92)> P1(5.90)>P8(5.57)>P11(5.55)>P10(5.37)>P9(4.92)。通过Matlab绘制戴布拉图展示政策的优劣性,表明我国校园欺凌防治政策仍存在一些亟待解决的问题:(1)政策性质科学预测不足;(2)政策机构缺乏紧密协同治理机制;(3)激励措施缺乏校园欺凌治理专业人才的培养以及法律保障等内容。

Effective policy systems are necessary to support the development of adolescent mental health.Quantitative research on policy texts can provide a detailed analysis and evaluation of current policies for preventing and treating campus bullying,and provide relevant basis for the formulation,im-plementation,revision,and adjustment of future policies in China.This study used the content text mining method(ROST CM6)and PMC index construction to develop an indicator model for the 55 cam-pus bullying prevention policies promulgated at the national level.Based on the PMC index,it provides a quantitative analysis of the policies.The empirical results show that the overall release of campus bul-lying prevention policies is reasonable.Among the ll policy samples,five are excellent and six are ac-ceptable,with an excellent rate of 100%.The ranking of the 11 policies from high to low is:P3(6.69)>P6(6.48)>P5(6.35)>P4(6.21)>P2(6.06)>P7(5.92)>P1(5.90)>P8(5.72)>P11(5.55)>P10(5.37)>P9(4.92).Using the Debreu chart drawn with Matlab to analyze the advantages and disadvan-tages of policies,this study found that there are still some urgent issues to be resolved regarding China's campus bullying prevention policies:(1)insufficient scientific prediction of policy nature;(2)lack of close and coordinated governance mechanisms among policy institutions;(3)lack of a comprehensive e-valuation system of the cultivation of professional talents in campus bullying prevention and relevant laws to provide incentives.