20世纪河南豫剧的三次变革

Three Reforms of Henan Yuju in the 20th Century

由冯玉祥主导的梆戏改造、由知识分子同戏曲艺人合作的梆戏改良和由河南豫剧院三团引领的豫剧现代戏创作是20世纪河南梆戏的三次重要变革。冯玉祥将改良戏曲纳入“建设新河南”系统工程,河南梆戏在演出场所、剧本和演员构成上发生了重要变化;樊粹庭、王镇南等接受现代大学教育的知识分子与陈素真、常香玉等艺人合作,初步确立了剧场、演员、剧本协调发展的现代豫剧体制,并开启了用豫剧表现现实生活的创作;河南豫剧院三团引领的豫剧现代戏创作一定程度上改变了豫剧的舞台面貌,极大地丰富了剧种的表现力。

The transformation of Bangzi led by Feng Yuxiang,the improvement of Bangzi jointly organized by intellectuals and Xiqu artists,and the creation of modern realistic Yuju plays led by the Third Troupe of Henan Yuju Theatre were the three important reforms of Henan Yuju in the 20th century.Feng Yuxiang incorporated the improved Xiqu into the systematic program of“Constructing a New Henan”,giving rise to important changes in venues,performers and script composition of the Henan Bangzi;intellectuals who had received modern university education,such as Fan Cuiting and Wang Zhennan,collaborated with Xiqu artists,such as Chen Suzhen and Chang Xiangyu,to initially establish the modern Yuju system which coordinated the development of theatres,performers and scripts;the creation of realistic Yuju plays led by the Third Troupe of Henan Yuju Theatre changed stage performance to some extent and significantly enriched the expressiveness of Yuju.