从“鼓励移民”到“限制流动”——试析19世纪初期俄国对亚美尼亚人的移民政策及其影响

Encouragement and Restriction:The Russian Immigration Policy on Armenians and Its Effects in the Early Nineteenth Century

19世纪,沙皇俄国逐渐打败奥斯曼和波斯帝国,占领高加索地区。在征服高加索地区过程中,俄国政府通过移民实现其在高加索的地缘政治目标。起初,俄国采取各种优惠措施吸引、鼓励亚美尼亚人移民,帮助俄国占领高加索。征服高加索之后,俄国又利用和约吸收大批亚美尼亚人移民以开发高加索边疆。在确保国际军事斗争与国内边疆双重安全前提下,俄国开始致力于加强国内边疆管理,消除边疆隐患,对亚美尼亚人移民政策遂发生转变。俄国的亚美尼亚人移民政策,对高加索地区的地缘格局、人口结构、权力结构等产生重要影响。

The present paper,delineating the history,in which the Tsarist Russia,at first,encouraged Armenians to immigrate to Caucasia so as to fulfill its geopolitical goals and then,imposed restrictions on the Armenian immigrants for the sake of the national security,concludes that the Russian policy greatly affected the Caucasian geopolitical pattern,power structure and population.