科研人员阈下抑郁的表征与环境影响因素:基于网络文本的大数据分析

The Representation and Environmental Impact Factors of Subthreshold Depression among Scientific Researchers:A Big Data Analysis Based on Network Text

近年来我国科研人员的抑郁发生率呈升高态势,对其发挥创造力和生产力产生了不利影响。阈下抑郁作为抑郁症的前兆,对抑郁症有重要预警作用,但聚焦于科研人员阈下抑郁的研究还比较匮乏。本研究结合大数据分析和扎根理论范式的质性编码程序,对我国科研人员阈下抑郁的表征和环境影响因素的特点及其年代变化进行了分析,并构建了科研人员阈下抑郁环境影响因素的理论模型。主要研究结果如下:(1)科研人员阈下抑郁表征中行为和认知表现突出,主要表现为“任务逃避”、“驱动力锐减”和“犹豫多虑”;(2)科研人员阈下抑郁的环境影响因素中工作环境和社会环境的影响较大,表现为“工作条件”、“制度文化”和“社会信息”的影响突出;(3)各环境影响因素在2011年至2016年间的分布虽存在波动,但无显著规律;到2017年至2022年期间,均表现为工作环境因素的影响最大,且“社会舆论”、“信息超载”和“岗位胜任”的影响随年代变化呈上升趋势。对科研人员阈下抑郁的研究可为理解和改善高压力工作人群的心理亚健康提供新的视角,对我国科研人员心理健康环境的塑造具有重要理论和现实意义。

In recent years,there has been a notable upsurge in the prevalence of depression observed among scientific researchers in China,posing substantial obstacles to their innovative thinking and overall productivity.Subthreshold depression,as a prodromal state of depression,plays a significant role in providing early indicators for the onset of depression.However,research specifically focusing on subthreshold depression of scientific researchers remains relatively scarce.Drawing upon big data analysis and qualitative coding procedure of the Grounded Theory paradigm,the present study examined the representation of subthreshold depression among scientific researchers,explored the environmental influencing factors,and subsequently developed a theoretical model of environmental factors influencing subthreshold depression among scientific researchers.The main findings are as follows:(1)In the subthreshold depression representation of scientific researchers,the behavioral and cognitive performance are prominent,which are mainly manifested as"task avoidance","sharp reduction of driving force"and"Indecisiveness and rumination";(2)The working environment and social environment exert substantial influence on subthreshold depression among scientific researchers,with notable prominence observed in the effects of"working conditions,""organizational system and culture,"and"social information".(3)The distribution of diverse environmental impact factors exhibited fluctuations across the period from 2011 to 2016,yet no discernible pattern or significant trend was observed.From 2017 to 2022,the work environment factors exerted the greatest impact,and the impact of"public opinion","information overload"and"job competency"showed an upward trend over the course of the years.The study of subthreshold depression among scientific researchers can offer a new perspective in comprehending and improving the mental sub-health of individuals engaged in high-pressure occupations.Furthermore,it holds pivotal theoretical and practical implications for the cultivation of a conducive mental health environment among scientific researchers in China.