物以致用:赣州窑乳钉罐设计研究

Putting Objects to Use:A Study on The Design of Ganzhou Kiln Nipples Nail Jars

赣州窑乳钉罐是江西造物文化的重要表达形式之一。通过文献收集法,对其中的30件乳钉罐实物,运用设计学研究方法,对器物的造型、装饰、功能进行了系统性分析。赣州窑乳钉罐造型拙朴大方,其是以敞口、卷圆唇、束颈和鼓腹作为形制的经典特征,发现宋元时期匠人在制作乳钉罐的过程中,更加注重口径与高度之间的比例关系。器物的装饰构建有乳钉纹和柳斗纹,两者间组织和变化衍生出10种装饰样式,极具韵律之美,也记录了宋元时期赣州窑匠人的造物智慧和匠心风貌。器物的功能方面,通过分析现有的研究文献,结合宋元茶文化推导了乳钉罐的使用功能,认为其是点茶器和贮茶器相结合的多功能器物,结合使用场景分析器物与人之间的交互关系。基于对乳钉罐造型、装饰、功能的探究,总结其蕴含了“物以致用”的古代朴素造物思想。

Ganzhou kiln nipples nail jars are one of the most important expressions of Jiangxi artifact culture.This paper presents a systematic analysis of the shape,decoration,and function of 30 of these jars,using design research methods.The shape of the Ganzhou kiln nipples nail jars is simple and generous,with an open mouth,a rolled round lip,a bunched neck,and a bulging belly as the classic features of the form,and it is found that the craftsmen of the Song and Yuan dynasties paid more attention to the proportional relationship between caliber and height in the process of making nipples nail jars.The decoration of the vessel is constructed with a combination of the nipple pattern and the willow-duo pattern,and the organization and variations between the two are derived from ten decorative styles,which are highly rhythmic and beautiful,and record the wisdom and craftsmanship of Ganzhou kiln makers during the Song and Yuan dynasties.In terms of the function of the object,through the analysis of the existing research literature,the function of the nipples nail jars is deduced in the context of Song and Yuan dynasty tea culture,and it is considered to be a multifunctional object combining a tea dispenser and a tea storage vessel,and the interaction between the object and people is analyzed in the context of the usage scenario.Based on the exploration of the shape,decoration and function of the milk peg jar,we conclude that it embodies the ancient simple idea of making objects for use.