道义情态“应该VP的”语义类型的语表差异及功能解释

On the Semantic Types of the Construction “yinggai VP de”

道义情态命题“应该VP的”三种语义类型的重音模式表现为:重读“应该”,表达属实义;重读VP整体或其部分,表达违实义;无明显重读差异,表达未来非违实或者恒常性道义。前两种类型的重读成分是对比焦点,第三种类型则只具有普通的信息焦点。焦点标记“是”的位置和否定测试、“应该VP的”的变换和省缩形式也关联其语义类型。该句式语表形式和语义类型的对应可以从认知象似性和信息的可预期性得到解释。

The stress patterns of the construction yinggai VP de are as follows:(1)the stress falls on yinggai to express factual reading,(2)the stress falls on the whole or part of VP to express counterfactual reading,and(3)If there is no obvious stress in this construction,it indicates non-counterfactual reading or constant morality.The first two types have contrastive focus,and the third has informational focus.The position of focus mark shi,negation-test,the transformation and ellipsis of this construction are also related to its semantic type,which can be explained by cognitive iconicity and informational expectation.