碳中和目标下推动绿色甲醇发展的必要性分析

Necessity analysis of promoting the development of green methanol under the goal of carbon neutrality

目前我国甲醇产能接近9800万吨、产量8000万吨,表观消费量约占世界总量的60%,自给率达90%以上,但以煤为主天然气和焦炉气为辅的原料格局导致甲醇生产每年产生2亿吨CO_(2)排放。文章指出:在碳中和背景下,随着以电力领域为代表的烟气CO_(2)捕集工作的深入开展、绿电装机规模的不断增加,将有越来越多的CO_(2)和绿电以产品形式存在,捕集1t CO_(2)的综合成本达到300元左右。在该成本边界下,如不能将捕集获得的CO_(2)进行资源化利用带来效益,将会对双碳目标的达成带来不利影响,因此如何对CO_(2)进行转化利用成为研究热点,将CO_(2)加氢合成绿色甲醇则是一个很好的解决方案,并且相关研究和工业开发也逐渐掀起热潮。本文从政策驱动、工艺优势、降碳效应、绿电及CO_(2)转化消纳、市场需求、甲醇产业升级6个方面进行了分析,认为发展绿色甲醇是实现碳中和目标重要且必要的举措之一。

At present,the methanol production capacity is close to 98 million tons and the output is 80million tons.The apparent consumption of methanol accounts for about 60%of the world total,and the self-sufficiency rate is more than 90%.However,the raw material pattern of methanol production,supplemented by natural gas and coke oven gas,leads to the annual CO_(2)emission of 200 million tons.Under the background of carbon neutrality,with the in-depth development of flue gas CO_(2)capture represented by the power field and the continuous increase of the installed scale of green electricity,more and more CO_(2)and green electricity will exist in the form of products.The comprehensive cost of capturing a ton of CO_(2)reaches about 300 yuan.Under this cost boundary,if the CO_(2)captured cannot be recycled to bring benefits.Therefore,how to convert and utilize CO_(2)has become a research hotspot,and hydrogenation of CO_(2)to green methanol is a good solution.Moreover,relevant research and industrial development have also gradually set off a boom.In this paper,six aspects of policy driving,technological advantages,carbon reduction effect,green electricity and CO_(2)conversion consumption,market demand,methanol industry upgrading were analyzed,and the development of green methanol was considered to be one of the important and necessary measures to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.