基于通信感知计算融合的低轨卫星网络体系架构与关键技术

Low Earth Orbit Satellite Network Based on Communication,Sensing and Computing Integration:Architecture and Key Technologies

低轨(Low Earth Orbit,LEO)卫星网络凭借其在发射成本、广域覆盖和高抗毁性等方面的优势,已成为下一代全球移动通信系统发展的焦点。为了进一步支撑未来空天地组网通信、协作遥感、星上计算等多维功能的协同演进,低轨卫星网络需要将通信、感知与计算功能进行融合,获取性能协同增益。然而,传统低轨卫星网络中通感算三者长期隔立分治,需要在架构、网元功能协议、关键技术等方面进行重新设计与突破。基于此,介绍了基于通信感知计算融合的低轨卫星研究意义和相关研究基础;提出了融合组网架构构想和网元与协议体系,并详细阐释了架构的组成和工作方法;同时,对星间链路组网、协作计算、感知融合和动态接入等关键技术进行了分析;对融合架构和理论、信息在轨融合方法、卫星算力网络和动态资源分配等未来挑战和发展方向进行了探讨。

Low Earth Orbit(LEO) satellite networks have become the focal point for the development of the next-generation global mobile communication system by virtue of its advantages in terms of launch cost,wide-area coverage and high destruction resistance.In order to support synergistic evolution of multidimensional functions such as space and earth networking communication,collaborative remote sensing and on-board computation in the future,LEO satellite networks need to integrate communication,sensing and computation functions to obtain performance gains.However,communication,sensing and computation in traditional LEO satellite networks have been separated for a long time,which requires redesign and breakthroughs in architecture,network element functional protocols,key technologies,and so on.This paper firstly introduces the significance of LEO satellite research based on communication,sensing and computing fusion and the related research foundation;after that,the concept of fusion network architecture,network element and protocol system are put forward.The composition and working method of the architecture are explained in detail.At the same time,key technologies such as interstellar link networking,collaborative computation,sensing fusion and dynamic access,are analyzed.At last,a detailed analysis of fusion architecture and theory,information-in-orbit fusion method,satellite computing network,dynamic resource allocation,and other future challenges and development directions are discussed.