公共体育资源空间分布特征及均等化研究——以长沙市主城区为例

Research on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics andEqualization of Public Sports Resources:A Case Study of Changsha City

基于长沙市主城区公共体育设施POI数据,运用最邻近指数、地理集中指数、不均衡指数及核密度指数等探究公共体育资源的空间分异特征,采用ArcGIS缓冲区分析方法对长沙市主城区公共体育设施的服务水平和可达性进行分析,并引入基尼系数、洛伦兹曲线及区位熵法对长沙市主城区公共体育设施均等化水平进行综合评价。结果显示:(1)长沙市主城区公共体育设施具有明显的空间聚集特征,且空间分布非均衡性显著,空间分异特征最为明显的是主要球类场地,最不明显的是冰雪运动场地;(2)长沙市主城区公共体育设施呈现“一核多极”的空间分布特征,中心城区沿五一路与芙蓉路交叉处由于商圈比较集中,吸引力强,集聚了较大客流,成为公共体育设施集聚的高地;(3)长沙市主城区公共体育设施服务水平及均等化水平空间格局差异显著,具有明显的“中心高边缘低”的空间分布特征。最后,经研究认为,须进一步优化长沙市主城区公共体育设施配置和提升均等化水平,要着力补齐短板、坚持融合发展、提高创新能力。

Based on the POI data of public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha,the nearest neighbor index,geographical concentration index,imbalance index and nuclear density index were used to explore the spatial differentiation characteristics of public sports resources.ArcGIS Buffer analysis was used to analyze the service level and accessibility of public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha,and Gini coefficient Lorenz curve and location entropy method comprehensively evaluate the equalization level of public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha city.The results show that:Firstly,the public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha have obvious spatial aggregation characteristics,and the spatial distribution is significantly uneven.The most obvious spatial differentiation characteristics are the main ball games venues,and the least obvious is the ice and snow sports venues;Secondly,the public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha city show the spatial distribution characteristics of"one core and multiple poles".The intersection of Wuyi Road and Furong Road in the central urban area gathers large passenger flow due to the concentration of business circles and strong attraction,becoming the highland of public sports facilities;Thirdly,the spatial pattern of the service level and equalization level of public sports facilities in the main urban areas of Changsha city is significantly different,with an obvious spatial distribution characteristic of"high center and low edge".Finally,the study believes that it is necessary to further optimize the allocation of public sports facilities in the main urban area of Changsha city and improve the level of equalization.It is necessary to make up for weaknesses,adhere to integrated development,and improve innovation ability.