不同土壤管理方式对北冰红葡萄生长及土壤理化指标的影响研究

Effect Research on Growth and Soil Physical and Chemical Indexes of BeiBingHong Grapes by Different Soil Management Methods

为明确冰葡萄园土壤管理的最佳技术方法,本研究以生产上主栽的山欧杂交葡萄品种‘北冰红’为研究对象,以清耕除草为对照,园艺地布覆盖和自然生草为2种处理方式,研究清耕除草、园艺地布覆盖和自然生草3种土壤管理方式对冰葡萄园土壤性状及葡萄果实品质的影响。结果表明,园艺地布覆盖处理和自然生草处理的土壤容积含水量略高于清耕除草处理;7月下旬至8月中旬,园艺地布覆盖处理的土壤温度高于清耕除草处理和自然生草处理,高出0.02~0.22℃,8月下旬,自然生草处理的土壤温度高出清耕除草和园艺地布覆盖处理0.09~0.14℃;园艺地布覆盖处理的葡萄单株重、单穗重、可溶性糖含量、单宁含量都显著高于自然生草处理;自然生草处理的成本比园艺地布覆盖处理和清耕除草处理的成本分别低1425元hm^(2)和3075元/hm^(2)。吉林省冰葡萄园土壤管理的最佳方式是自然生草。

In order to identify the best technical method for soil management in ice vineyard.In this study,the impact of three soil management methods were evaluated,ploughing and weeding,horticultural land cover and natural grass on the soil condition and grape fruit quality of ice vineyards,taking ploughing and weeding as the mainly planting BeiBingHong grapes as the research object.The results showed that the soil volume moisture content and soil temperature of horticultural land cover treatment and natural grass treatment are higher than that of tillage and weeding treatment,and the soil conductivity of the natural grass treatment is slightly lower than that of horticultural land distribution treatment and weeding treatment.The individual plant weight,single spike weight,soluble sugar content and tannin content of grapes under the ground cover treatment were significantly higher than those under natural grass mulch treatment.The cost of natural grass treatment is 1425 yuan/hm^(2) and 3075 yuan/hm^(2) lower than that of horticultural land cover treatment and ploughing and weeding treatment,respectively.The best technology for the soil management in ice vineyards in Jilin Province is the management method of natural grass.