不同环境因子和基因型对黄瓜空腔性状的影响

Effects of Environmental Factors and Genotypes on Cucumber Fruit Hollow Trait

以6个不同基因型的黄瓜品系作为试材,采用正交实验法,研究不同灌水量、施氮量和温度条件对黄瓜果实空腔性状的影响;同时,对6份不同基因型黄瓜果实空腔的生理生化指标和显微结构进行测定分析,以期为黄瓜果实空腔性状的研究及黄瓜无空腔品种的选育提供参考依据。结果表明:3种环境因子影响黄瓜果实空腔性状的主次顺序为施氮量>温度>灌水量,施氮量和温度与黄瓜果实空腔等级呈显著正相关;不同基因型黄瓜果皮叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质与空腔等级呈显著负相关,ABA含量呈显著正相关,可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量与空腔等级无显著相关性。其中,果皮叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质含量可作为黄瓜空腔的鉴定和预测指标;石蜡切片观察发现,果实空腔越大的黄瓜其果肉细胞可能越小。

In this study,six different genotypes of cucumber were used as experimental materials to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels,nitrogen application rates,and temperature conditions on cucumber fruit hollow characteristics using an orthogonal experimental design.Additionally,physiologyical and biochemical indexes and microscopic were conducted and analyzed on the fruit cavities of the six genotypes,in order to provide reference for the study of cucumber fruit hollow traits and the breeding of hollow-free cucumber varieties.The results showed that among the three environmental factors,nitrogen application rate had the greatest influence on cucumber fruit hollow characteristics,followed by temperature and irrigation level.Both nitrogen application rate and temperature showed a significant positive correlation with cucumber fruit hollow grade.Furthermore,there was a significant negative correlation between chlorophyll and soluble protein content of cucumber fruit peel and hollow grade,while ABA content exhibited a significant positive correlation.However,soluble sugar and soluble solid content showed no significant correlation with hollow grade.Among these factors,chlorophyll and soluble protein content in fruit peel could be used as identification and prediction indicators for cucumber fruit hollow.Observation of paraffin sections indicated that cucumbers with larger fruit cavities may have smaller flesh cells.