茶枝栽培猴头菇试验

Experiment on Cultivation of Hericium erinaceus Using Tea Twig

以废弃茶枝为试材,采用单因素法,研究了茶枝不同添加量对猴头菇菌丝生长速度、子实体产量和生物转化率的影响,以期筛选茶枝的最适添加量;采用ICP-MS技术检测栽培猴头菇的主要矿物元素含量安全性,以期为安全利用废弃茶枝栽培猴头菇提供参考依据。结果表明:茶枝栽培猴头菇的最优配方为桤木屑12%、茶枝48%、棉籽壳23%、麦麸14%、葡萄糖1%、石膏1%、过磷酸钙1%;此时菌丝生长速率为0.90 cm·d^(-1),子实体产量为421.5 g·袋^(-1),生物转化率为84.29%,分别是对照的1.34、1.11、1.10倍;茶枝猴头菇富含多种矿物元素,重金属中As、Cd和Pb含量高于对照,常量元素中Na、Mg、K含量高于对照,微量元素中Ti含量相对较多,但均远低于国家标准,在安全范围之内。

The discarded tea twigs were used as main cultural materials to investigate the effects of different tea twigs addition on Hericium erinaceus mycelial growth rate,fruiting body yield and biotransformation rate by a single factor method,and screen the optimal additive amount of tea twigs.The safety contents of main mineral elements in Hericium erinaceus cultivated in tea twigs were determined by ICP-MS,in order to provide a reference basis for the safe utilization of the waste tea twigs for cultivation of Hericium erinaceus.The results showed that the optimum formula of the cultivation material tea twigs for Hericium erinaceus was determined as follow,12%wood chips,48%tea twigs,23%cottonseed shells,14%wheat bran,1%glucose,1%gypsum and 1%superphosphate.When Hericium erinaceus grew on the above tea twigs cultivation material,the mycelial growth rate was 0.90 cm·d-1,the fruiting body yield was 421.5 g·bag-1 and the biotransformation rate was 84.29%,which were 1.34,1.11 and 1.10 times relative to the control,respectively.In Hericium erinaceus cultured with tea twigs,the contents of heavy metals such as As,Cd and Pb,major elements such as Na,Mg and K and trace element Ti were higher than the control.The contents of all the detected mineral elements were far below the national standard and were safe for human.