置辩主体性——论唐·德里罗早期小说中的“退避”母题

Don DeLillo Polemics on Subjectivity--On the“Withdrawal”Motif in His Three Earliest Novels

问世于20世纪70年代的《美国志》《球门区》和《大琼斯街》是美国当代小说家唐·德里罗创作初期的优秀作品。通过细绘三部小说中主人公们“退避”行为的缘由、机制与收效,德里罗剖析了当代美国主体性危机的本质,划定了危机处理过程中的误区,并由此暗示:唯有主体与后现代文化建设性互动中生成的主体性才可让当代美国人领悟生存的意义与价值。在概念层面上,此种德里罗式主体性与美国学者耶纳特所提之“后存在主义自我”高度契合。

Americana,End Zone and Great Jones Street published in 1970s are the first three novels by Don DeLillo,they could tell what he did achieve in the earliest stage of his career as a contemporary American novelist.With careful delineation of reasons for and mechanisms and effects of the three protagonists’behavioral patterns of withdrawal,DeLillo conducts an in-depth investigation into the nature of contemporary American subjectivity crisis,charts out the erroneous zones one might blunder into when dealing with the crisis,and suggests that a type of subjectivity,formulated in the process of a mutually constructive interaction between subject and postmodern culture,is indeed the one that can endow a contemporary American individual with his most desired significance and value of life.Besides,in terms of conceptual framework,this DeLilloesque subjectivity agrees well with“the postexistential self”a term brought forward by C.A.Yehnert,an American scholar in DeLillo studies.