社会历史范式下马克思道德思想的发展、特点及意义

Development,Characteristics and Significance of Marx’s Moral Thought under the Social and Historical Paradigm

马克思的道德思想具有社会、历史双重维度,是一种社会历史范式下的道德研究。马克思的道德思想从早期人生理想确立,经唯物史观这一实现路径,到最终实现道德理想,是一个完善的过程,不存在认识论的断裂,也不存在早期马克思和晚期马克思的对立,更不存在道德虚无主义和反道德主义问题。在社会历史范式下,可以厘清马克思道德思想从道德批判到道德理想、从历史到现实、从理论到实践的发展历程,也可以明晰马克思道德思想与社会历史的密切关联性、与社会现实的语境相关性以及理论层次的变动性等特点,还可以透过道德这一视角,看到马克思对人真正成为历史自觉主体的理论向往。

Marx’s moral thought is a moral study under the social and historical paradigm,and it concerns dual dimensions of society and history.It is a perfect process from establishing early life ideal to final realizing moral ideal through path of historical materialism.There is no epistemological rupture,no opposition between early and late Marxism,and let alone moral nihilism and anti-moralism.Under the social historical paradigm,we can clarify the development process of Marx’s moral thought from moral criticism to moral ideal,from history to reality,and from theory to practice.We can also clarify the close relationship between Marx’s moral thought and social history,its contextual correlation with social reality,and variability of its theoretical frames.From the perspective of morality,we can also disclose Marx’s theoretical yearning for human being to be the subject of historical consciousness.