网络文学传播中的“神话位移”——以“克苏鲁神话”的中国化呈现为例

“Myth Displacement”in Internet Literature Communication:Taking the Chinese Presentation of“Cthulhu Myth”as an Example

网络文学作品的跨文化传播不仅需要媒介、资本和国家力量的推动,还有赖于读者对文化语境的认同与介入。“克苏鲁神话”在世界范围内的接受为“中式克苏鲁”网文提供了传播语境,同时,“中式克苏鲁”网文的对外传播丰富了“克苏鲁神话”的内在文化结构,亦推动了国内玄幻类网文的创新。进一步辨析“中式克苏鲁”网文作品的神话原型、神话位移,发现在“中式克苏鲁”网文的传播过程中呈现出从“世界内容”到“中国故事”的演变过程,其中国内的“亚文化”圈层起了不可磨灭的作用。“克苏鲁神话”的中国化呈现揭示出网文对外传播的独特模式,固有的叙事套路搭配不同的文化元素,在保证作品传播效果的同时推动了不同文化的对话与融合。

The cross-cultural communication of network literature not only needs the promotion of media,capital and national power,but also depends on readers’identification and intervention of cultural context.The acceptance of“Cthulhu Mythology”in the world provides the communication context for“Chinese-style Cthulhu”net writings.Meanwhile,the external dissemination of“Chinese-style Cthulhu”net writings enriches the internal cultural structure of“Cthulhu Mythology”and promotes the innovation of domestic fantasy net writings.Further analysis of the mythological archetypes and mythological dispositions of“Chinese style Cthulhu”net writings show the evolution process from“world content”to“Chinese stories”in the transmission process of“Chinese Style Cthulhu”net writings,in which the domestic“subculture”circle plays an indelible role.The Sinicized presentation of“Cthulhu Myth”reveals the unique mode of external communication of web literature.The inherent narrative sets are matched with different degrees of cultural elements,which ensures the communication effect of the works and promotes the dialogue and integration of different cultures.